工業革命以來，對於能源的需求蒸蒸日上，大量使用化石燃料排放許多溫室氣體，溫室效應加劇導致極端氣候變遷，已經是此世代不可忽視的一個問題，發展再生能源朝碳中和目標努力儼然是國際的趨勢。生質燃料被視為相當有潛力的再生能源，植物油透過轉酯化反應生成生質柴油（第一代生質燃料）是發展成熟已經商業化的技術，然而高含氧量仍有許多問題待改善，透過加氫處理能有效去除三酸甘油酯結構中的氧原子，生成與傳統化石燃料結構相似的碳氫化合物，亦稱綠色燃料（第二代生質燃料），不僅能沿用現有化工廠石油精煉基礎設備，並且在不改動現有引擎設計下，可直接使用此生質燃料，近年來歐美各國已投入相當多資源研究。考量使用貴金屬的成本，因此過渡金屬是研究的主軸，使用雙功能觸媒是催化去氧反應常見的選擇，金屬點位能提供氫溢流及去氧的活性中心，酸性點位則具有裂解及異構化的功能，結合兩者使觸媒有增效作用。
本實驗選用ZSM-5沸石作為載體，使用含浸法擔載鎳鉬雙金屬，改質成雙功能金屬觸媒，金屬鎳能造成氫溢流，促進氫氣的利用，二氧化鉬提供的氧空缺是加氫去氧反應的活性中心，而酸性載體同時能提供布忍斯特酸和路易士酸進行加氫裂解及異構化反應。比較不同操作條件對加氫去氧、加氫裂解及異構化反應的影響，也透過質譜儀進一步分析產物，針對反應過後回收的觸媒鑑定，以推論其失活可能的原因。反應條件大豆油/十氫萘體積比=1，通入氫氣量固定，使用2.35 g 10Ni-20Mo/ZSM-5在300℃下反應結果最好，然而使用不同金屬含量觸媒在300℃反應，目標產物產率大致都在3-5%附近，而選擇率皆落在10%左右，推論此載體對於目標產物的生成可能有所限制。

In this study, the hydrotreatment of soybean oil to liquid alkane fuels was conducted with the bifunctional metallic catalysts. The incipient wetness impregnation method was successfully applied to prepare bifunctional metallic catalysts on zeolite ZSM-5, noted as Ni-Mo/ZSM5, on which both the metallic sites and the acidic sites could be found. Prior to the hydrotreatment reaction, Ni-Mo/ZSM5 were activated in the hydrogen atmosphere at 550°C for 2 h, denoted as Ni-Mo (Re)/ZSM5. The hydrotreatment of soybean oil was performed with various Ni-Mo (Re)/ZSM5 catalysts and with decalin as diluent in a semi-batch reactor at 300°C/325°C/350°C and 460 rpm for 6 h. Fresh and spent catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, ICP-OES, BET, H2-TPR and NH3-TPD. The liquid phase products were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. As a result, the hydrotreatment of soybean oil catalyzed by using 2.35 g 10Ni-20Mo(Re)/ZSM-5 at 300°C attained the best degree of deoxygenation and the highest yield to liquid alkane products. Moreover, it was inferred that the main reason for catalyst deactivation is mainly caused by organics accumulated over the acidic sites, resulting in a significant decrease in the specific surface area.

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