在全球經濟力量轉移、科技進步加速和人口結構改變的趨勢下，企業競爭場域正在快速重塑。台灣企業有超過97.6%為中小企業，由於內需市場規模小，為求生存與持續成長，企業經常結合外部組織來建構分工型態的經營體制，藉由整合各方資源來開拓新市場、發展新產品與技術，強化自身競爭力以因應日益激烈的全球化競爭。但合作是另一種型態的競爭，組織間的合作逐漸形成競爭中有合作，合作中有競爭的競合關係。

在過去研究中，已有學者針對合作動機、夥伴選擇與合作管理等進行研究。許多學者強調資源對合作績效的重要性，但鮮少研究以資源特性來探討合作夥伴的競合互動對績效之影響。為解決研究缺口，本研究探討兩種資源特性—資源互補性和資源相似性，並納入影響組織合作互動與競爭的變數—市場共同性和地位相似性，以探究對合作績效之影響和交互作用。

本研究參考行政院主計處的行業分類標準，發放問卷的對象並無限定特別產業。填答者設定為公司中高階主管或負責合作相關業務的資深從業人員，以網路問卷與紙本問卷等方式進行發放。總計發出問卷243份，有效回收問卷數為200份，有效回收率為82.3%，問卷發放期間為105年5月初至6月底截止。

本研究以迴歸分析進行樣本分析與假設驗證。研究結果發現：(1)資源互補性與資源相似性皆對企業合作績效有正向影響；(2)市場共同性對企業合作績效有正向影響；(3)地位相似性對企業合作績效有正向影響；(4)市場共同性在資源互補性與資源相似性對企業合作績效的影響具有部分調節效果；(5)地位相似性在資源互補性對企業合作績效的影響不具有調節效果，但在資源相似性對企業合作績效之關係，地位相似性具有部分調節效果。

With the trends of global economic power shifting, rapidly technological advancements and population structure changing, these changes result in corporates’ competitive landscape reshaping. There are 97.6% small and medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan. And cooperation is an important issue for them to face with the fierce globalization competition. However, cooperation is another type of competition. It becomes coopetition between enterprises and their partners. Many scholars have been studying the factors of cooperative motive, partner selection and cooperation management. But there are few studies focus on the relationship between resource characteristics and cooperative performance under coopetition. Therefore, this research will focus on how resource characteristics affect cooperative performance, and also examine the moderating effects of market commonality and status similarity on this relationship.
The samples are not restricted to any particular industries. This study targets on presidents, general managers and senior sales who are in charge of cooperative business. Data was collected from May 2016 to June 2016. I finally received 200 valid questionnaires. This study uses SPSS 17.0 to analyze data with descriptive statistics, reliability and validity analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis for examining the proposed hypotheses.
The results of study show: (1) Resource complementarity and resource similarity have positive influences on cooperative performance. (2) Market commonality has a positive influence on cooperative performance. (3) Status similarity has a positive influence on cooperative performance. (4) Market commonality has partial moderating effect on the relationship between resource characteristics and cooperative performance. (5) Status similarity has no moderating effect on the relationship between resource complementarity and cooperative performance, but it has partial moderating effect on the relationship between resource similarity and cooperative performance.

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