本研究旨在探討永續授信佔比對銀行逾放比率之影響，並分析「綠色金融行動方案3.0實施」前後，永續授信與銀行逾放比率之關係是否產生變化。本研究以2018年至2024年台灣本國銀行為樣本，蒐集各銀行公開揭露之永續相關授信資料，計算永續授信佔總放款之比率，並結合台灣經濟新報(TEJ)資料庫之銀行財務數據，採用追蹤資料固定效果模型(Panel Fixed-Effects Model)進行實證分析。　　　
研究結果顯示，永續授信佔比對逾放比率之當期影響未達統計顯著水準，顯示目前尚無充分證據支持提高永續授信比重能立即降低銀行之逾放比率，進一步分析政策實施前後、第三方查證之調節效果及銀行屬性之異質性後，結果亦未呈現穩定顯著關係。然而，在落後期模型中，永續授信佔比之估計係數轉為負向，顯示永續授信與逾放比率之關係可能存在時間遞延性，惟仍未達統計顯著水準。此外，本研究進一步採用預期信用損失比率(ECLR)、備抵損失佔放款比率(ALLR)，以及IFRS 9架構下之Stage2、Stage3與Stage2+3放款佔比作為替代信用風險指標，整體結果與主模型大致一致，雖然Stage3模型呈正向且達統計顯著，顯示永續授信佔比與已發生信用減損放款比率之間可能存在值得關注之正向訊號，惟該結果未能於Stage2及Stage2+3模型獲得一致支持，且經Wild cluster bootstrap、縮尾處理及額外穩健性檢查後顯著性下降，其中在嚴格之縮尾加雙向群聚標準誤設定下未達統計顯著水準，因此，本研究對Stage3結果採取保守解讀，將其定位為值得後續追蹤之風險訊號，而非永續授信會穩定提高銀行信用風險之穩健證據。
本研究之貢獻在於以永續授信佔比衡量銀行授信結構中永續金融之相對重要性，並結合政策效果、第三方查證、銀行屬性、落後期效果及前瞻性信用風險指標進行多面向分析，補充國內永續金融與銀行資產品質關係之實證證據。研究結果顯示，若僅以短期逾放比率衡量永續授信成效，可能不足以完整反映其對銀行信用風險之影響，後續研究可延長樣本期間，並取得更完整且一致之永續授信資料與IFRS 9階段分類資料，以進一步檢驗永續授信對銀行信用風險之長期影響。

This study examines the impact of the sustainable lending ratio on bank non-performing loan (NPL) ratios and further investigates whether this relationship shifted following the implementation of Taiwan’s Green Finance Action Plan 3.0. Using a sample of Taiwanese domestic banks from 2018 to 2024, this study manually collects on sustainable lending disclosed in corporate sustainability reports, annual reports, and other public sources. The sustainable lending ratio is defined as sustainable lending divided by total loans. Combining these data with bank-level financial data from the TEJ database, a panel fixed-effects model is applied for empirical analysis.
The empirical results show that the contemporaneous effect of the sustainable lending ratio on the NPL ratio is not statistically significant. Further analyses of policy effects, third-party assurance, bank heterogeneity, and lagged effects also do not provide stable, significant evidence. Additional tests using ECLR, ALLR, and IFRS 9 Stage 2, Stage 3, and Stage 2+3 loan ratios are generally consistent with the main findings. Although the Stage 3 model shows a positive and statistically significant result, this finding is not supported by the Stage 2 and Stage 2+3 models, and its significance weakens after the Wild cluster bootstrap, winsorization, and additional robustness checks. Under the stricter specification with winsorization and two-way clustered standard errors, the Stage 3 result is no longer statistically significant. Therefore, this study interprets it as a risk signal worthy of further monitoring, rather than robust evidence that sustainable lending consistently increases banks’credit risk.
This study contributes to the literature by examining the relationship between sustainable lending and bank asset quality in Taiwan. The findings suggest that short-term NPL ratios may not fully capture the credit risk effects of sustainable lending. Future research may extend the sample period and use more complete sustainable lending and IFRS 9 stage-level data.

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