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研究生: 張凱玲
Chang, Kai-Ling
論文名稱: 召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議之醫療人員經驗:描述現象學研究
The experiences of health care professionals to initiate a pediatric palliative family meeting: A descriptive phenomenological study
指導教授: 黃美智
Huang, Mei-Chih
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 醫學院 - 護理學系
Department of Nursing
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 116
中文關鍵詞: 兒童安寧緩和療護兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議質性研究胡塞爾描述現象學超驗現象學Colaizzi資料分析法
外文關鍵詞: Pediatric palliative care, Pediatric palliative family meeting, Qualitative research, Husserl, Descriptive phenomenology, Transcendental phenomenology Moustakas, Colaizzi’s method of data analysis
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  • 背景:家庭會議在安寧緩和療護中可以幫助病人及家屬的照護和促進溝通,但在兒童安寧緩和療護則較少被運用,目前有關兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議文獻有限。
    目的:本研究旨在透過詢問「醫療人員啟動兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議的目的」、「為了召開家庭會議所做的事前準備、會議過程中之經驗、會議之後的照護」、「家庭會議傳達的兒童安寧緩和療護之價值與反思」此三層面,探討醫療人員召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議經驗現象的潛在結構。
    方法:採立意取樣法,選取南部某醫學中心14位曾經召開或參與過兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議的醫療人員。以半結構式訪談大綱進行深度訪談,並使用胡塞爾描述現象學方法、超驗現象學及Colaizzi資料分析法進行資料分析並形成研究結果。
    結果:研究結果共呈現三個主題,醫療人員啟動兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議之經驗本質為「盡責捍衛病童及其家庭最佳利益之守門人」;會議前、中、後則展現「帶領家屬渡過惡水的領航者」;在整個旅程中,維護安寧緩和照護之價值於「幽谷伴行以達彼此身心安頓的守光者」。
    結論:透過本研究的結果,可增進醫療人員對於召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議的背景知識,強調醫療人員召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議本質結構是「盡責捍衛最佳利益;整合性照護計畫」、「專業詳盡解釋;雙向對話;情緒支持;照護支持」、「由信任、舒適照護,守護希望」的執行過程。醫療人員執行兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議將可實踐兒童安寧緩和療護之核心價值。

    The initiation of palliative family meeting can promote quality of palliative care and facilitate better communication between the health care team and the family. However, existing literatures regarding pediatric palliative family meeting are limited. The purpose of this study is to explore the essence of health care professionals’ experiences to initiate a pediatric palliative family meeting. Husserl’s descriptive phenomenological study was conducted through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with fourteen health care professionals. Data were analyzed using transcendental phenomenology Moustakas and Colaizzi’s seven-step protocol. Three main themes emerged: (1) professional accountability for patients’ and family’s best interests, (2) professional navigation through sailing across the dark ocean in the illness transitions journey, (3) competent self while walking through the valley of the shadow of death with the patient and family. The essence of the experiences of pediatric palliative family meeting is structured by “accountability for best interests, integrated palliative care planning, professional and thorough information explanation, two-way communication, emotional support, care support, maintaining hope through providing trust and comfort. These results suggest that the process of pediatric palliative family meeting will be conducive to the practice of pediatric palliative care. The results of this study may further direct educational training and practices in pediatric palliative care. From the results, we come to a better understanding, put on a holistic view of the intervention about the healthcare professional initiation pediatric palliative family meeting.

    第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景 1 第二節 研究動機與重要性 2 第三節 研究目的 3 第四節 研究問題 3 第五節 相關概念的定義 4 一、 醫療人員(health care professional) 4 二、 兒童安寧緩和療護(pediatric palliative care) 4 三、 兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議(pediatric palliative family meeting) 4 第二章 文獻探討 5 第一節 醫療人員需要具備之召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議能力 5 第二節 安寧緩和療護家庭會議運用之理念 9 第三節 安寧緩和療護家庭會議臨床實踐指南 11 第三章 方法論與研究方法 13 第一節 研究方法的選擇 13 第二節 描述性現象學簡介 13 一、 描述性現象學之發展脈絡 13 二、 描述性現象學資料分析方法 15 第三節 研究設計與實施 15 第四節 研究工具 16 第五節 資料收集方法 17 第六節 資料分析 19 一、 Colaizzi 現象學分析法示例 19 第七節 研究嚴謹性 24 一、 確實性(credibility) 24 二、 可轉換性(transferability) 25 三、 可信賴性(dependability) 26 四、 可確認性(confirmability) 27 五、 資料整理研究嚴謹性示例 27 第八節 倫理考量 31 一、 知情同意與尊重自主 31 二、 不危害研究參與者身心 32 三、 研究資料保密與確保隱私 32 四、 研究者的回饋 33 第四章 研究結果 34 第一節 研究參與者基本資料描述 34 第二節 研究結果 36 一、主題1. 盡責捍衛病童及其家庭最佳利益之守門人 36 (一)次主題1-1. 救生善生善終善別良好照護的把關 37 (二)次主題1-2. 慎重開啟全家全隊的整合性照護 41 二、主題2. 帶領家屬渡過惡水的領航者 45 (一)次主題2-1. 專業帶領,安心啟航 46 (二)次主題2-2. 情緒支持,共渡惡水 49 (三)次主題2-3. 照護支持,持續領航 52 三、主題3. 幽谷伴行以達彼此身心安頓的守光者 57 (一)次主題3-1. 幽谷伴行,守護信任 57 (二)次主題3-2. 生死抉擇,守護希望 62 (三)次主題3-3. 身心安頓,守護舒適 64 第三節 醫療人員召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議經驗本質結構 67 一、 發現現象的潛在結構或本質 67 (一)步驟一,存而不論 67 (二)步驟二,現象學還原 67 二、 研究參與者確認結果主題 68 三、 醫療人員召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議經驗本質結構 68 (一)步驟三,想像變形 68 (二)步驟四,意義與本質的描述整合 70 第五章 討論 73 第一節 盡責捍衛病童及其家庭最佳利益之守門人 73 第二節 帶領家屬渡過惡水的領航者 76 第三節 幽谷伴行以達彼此身心安頓的守光者 80 第四節 持續探索 84 一、 兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議是兒童安寧緩和療護之實踐 85 二、 與成人安寧緩和療護家庭會議研究之比較 86 三、 與兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議研究之比較 87 第六章 結論與建議 88 第一節 研究優勢與限制 88 一、 研究優勢 88 二、 研究限制 88 三、 運用本研究結果推論的限制 88 第二節 研究結果之應用與建議 89 一、 應用 89 二、 建議 90 (一)建議一、建構兒童安寧緩和療護及兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議體系與制度 91 (二)建議二、建構兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議核心能力在職教育課程規劃 92 (三)建議三、建構兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議相關支持團體 93 第七章 參考文獻 94 附件一 國立成功大學人體研究倫理審查委員會審查通過證明 107 附件三 訪談大綱 109 附件四 研究參與者回饋表 110 表目錄 表 2-1 兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議質性及量性文獻分析 5 表 3-1 意義的語句示例 20 表 3-2 訪談逐字稿抄騰/編碼/摘要/省思示例 21 表 3-3 摘要分類/編碼/意義單元示例 21 表 3-4 意義單元歸納形成初步次主題示例 22 表 4-1 研究參與者基本資料(N=14) 34 表 4-2 醫療人員召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議之經驗 35 圖目錄 圖 4-1 醫療人員召開兒童安寧緩和療護家庭會議經驗本質結構圖 72 72

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