全球氣候越趨極端，世界上許多地區面臨嚴重的水資源缺乏，台灣因為受到自然條件的限制，即使降雨量高於世界平均卻仍然有缺水的問題，因此需要更好的管理及利用台灣的各種水利設施。本研究利用簡單、有效的缺水指標，分析研究區域嘉南平原長期的雨量及水位資料，首先利用標準化雨量指數法(SPI)及標準化地下水指數法(SGI)計算研究區域的資料並探討其相關性，而後發現在區域內的地下水在SGI的計算結果中不同區域有著不同的特性，因此將研究區域分為南、北兩區，本研究利用一般狀況水位及缺水狀況水位進行比較，得到不同測站在缺水時的水位變化，而後建立地下水位管理標準線。

利用不同測站地下水位變化的不同，進而推估較適合進行開發的測站。但研究區域嘉南平原本身就有受到較為嚴重人為影響，因此本研究將結合研究區域的現況進行篩選，將目前較不適合開發的測站剔除，篩選條件包括地層下陷嚴重區、地下水位低於海平面測站、地下水管制區及水質條件，最後得到位於鹽水溪的永康站是嘉南平原的長期適合開發區位。本研究利用地下水模擬軟體(GMS)做出永康站周圍的水文地質模型，並模擬區域內在不同抽水速率下的地下水位變化，評估區域的可開發量。

關鍵詞: 標準化地下水位指數評估法、標準化雨量指數評估法、地下水位管理標準線、地下水資源開發區位、地下水可開發量

Since climate becomes more and more extreme, many areas are facing serious water shortage. Even thought the precipitation in Taiwan is more than the average precipitation of the world , Taiwan has the problem of water shortage owing to the natural conditions. Hence, it is important to manage and apply the groundwater wells, reservoirs and other facilities wisely. In the present study, using simple and effective method, which includes standardized groundwater index (SGI) and standardized precipitation index (SPI) to calculate long-term precipitation and groundwater data and then analyze those correlation. By the result of SGI, we find out that the study area can be divided into north and south section in Chianan Plain. Furthermore, since declining of groundwater level can reflect the groundwater changes during in drought condition, we also establish the standard management lines of groundwater level in Chianan Plain. After calculating the decline values of groundwater level and comparing various SGI values, the groundwater development area in Chiana Plain can be found out. However, the study area may be influenced extremely by the human activities. Some insuitable area is deleted by the specific conditions currently and the criterions announced by government. As the result, Yongkang station in Yanshui river is selected as the most suitable station for the groundwater development area in our study area. In the end, the hydrogeological model around Yongkang station is also build by using groundwater model system(GMS) in order to estimate and simulate the exploitation amounts of groundwater under various scenarios for the groundwater level changes and pumping rates.
Key Words: Standardized groundwater index, Standardized precipitation index, groundwater level, standard management line, groundwater development area, groundwater exploitation amount.

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