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研究生： 陳韻羽
Chen, Yun-Yu
論文名稱： 以電化學方法吸附染料及染料共敏化法促進染料敏化太陽能電池之效能
Performance Enhancements of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells by Electrochemical Adsorption and Co-sensitization of Dyes
指導教授： 李玉郎
Lee, Yuh-Lang
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2020
畢業學年度： 108
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 109
中文關鍵詞： 染料敏化太陽能電池 、電化學吸附 、共敏化
外文關鍵詞： Dye-sensitizated solar cells, Electrochemical adsorption, Co-sensitization
相關次數： 點閱：62  下載：0 
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    • 本研究分為兩部份，第一部份是以電化學方法來增進染料的吸附，第二部分是利用具吸光互補性的染料(SQ2及TY6)作為敏化劑，藉其共敏化效應來增進染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSC)在室內光環境之效能。
    在電化學吸附的研究上，施加恆電位於TiO2光電極，藉此一電位的作用力，促使N719染料快速的吸附至TiO2光電極上。研究中調控施加的電位與吸附時間，藉其來優化電池的光電轉換效率。實驗結果顯示，提高電極的施加電位，會有較大的電流密度，加速染料的吸附速度。而延長吸附時間會增加染料的吸附量，提高元件的光電流。實驗結果顯示，施加3V的電位並吸附60分鐘時，電池有最佳的光電轉換效率，其在標準太陽光下可達8.28%，與利用傳統長時間浸泡吸附電池的效率(8.31%)相當。然而，當施予過高的電位或是過長的吸附時間，電池的光電轉換效率會下降，主要是光電極上電荷的再結合阻力下降，導致元件開路電壓與短路電流變小所造成。推測其原因為過強的驅動力或過長的吸附時間，染料會在主動層外側產生堆疊，且染料無法滲入內層吸附，完整覆蓋TiO2表面所造成。若將電池元件於50oC高溫環境下進行穩定性測試，發現以電化學方法製備之元件穩定度佳，在經過500小時後仍可維持82%之初始效率。
    在第二部份，TY6主要用於室內光敏化的有機染料，其高開路電壓之特性，使元件表現優於以往使用的N719釕金屬染料。然而，TY6染料的吸光特性與T5螢光燈管匹配性較差，故光電流密度較低，效率提升幅度不明顯，所以本研究以具有吸光互補性的染料(SQ2及TY6)作為共敏化劑。實驗結果顯示，當染料溶液中SQ2/TY6濃度比為3/7時，光電極具有較寬的吸光範圍，因此光電流提升，元件的光電轉換效率可達16.32%，優於單獨由TY6(15.03%)及N719(14.66%)染料敏化電池的效率。

    This study utilized two methods to improve the performane of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSCs). In the study of electrochemical adsorption, a constant electric potential is applied to the TiO2 photoelectrode and, by which, exerting a force for the adsorption of the N719 dye onto the TiO2 photoelectrode. The experimental results show that increasing the applied potential of the electrode will accelerate the dye adsorption rate and prolonging the adsorption time increases the adsorption amount of dye and the photocurrent of the device. It also demonstrates that the best performance of the cell (8.28%) is achieved by controlling a potential of 3V for 60 minutes, and comparable to commonly utilized spontaneous adsorption (8.31%). However, if the applied potential or adsorption time is over the optimal value, the cell efficiency decreases, mainly due to the reduction in the charge recombination resistance at the photoelectrode/electrolyte interface. The result is ascribed to the aggregation and stacking of dye which obstructs the penetration of dye to the inner part of the photoelectrode.
    In the second part, TY6 is used as the main dye for indoor-light application of DSSCs. TY6 has an advantage of high open circuit voltage, but its light absorption range is not wide enough. Therefore, the SQ2 dye, which has a complementary light absorption property to the TY6, is used as co-sensitizers. The highest cell efficiency is obtained at the SQ2/TY6 concentration ratio of 3/7 which achieve an efficiency of 16.32%, which is higher than those achieved by using TY6(15.03%) and N719(14.66%).

    摘要 I Extended abstract II 目錄 XV 表目錄 XIX 圖目錄 XX 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 研究目的與動機 3 第二章 實驗原理與文獻回顧 5 2-1 染料敏化太陽能電池介紹 5 2-1-1 工作原理 6 2-1-2 電子在DSSC上的傳輸路徑 7 2-2 染料敏化太陽能電池之結構介紹 9 2-2-1 導電基板 10 2-2-2 氧化物半導體 11 2-2-3 光敏化劑 13 2-2-4 電解質 20 2-2-5 對電極 24 2-3 文獻回顧 26 2-3-1 染料吸附程序 26 2-3-2 染料敏化太陽能電池於低照度光源下之應用 27 2-3-3 有機型染料之發展 28 2-3-4 共敏化劑之應用 29 第三章 實驗器材與步驟 31 3-1 實驗藥品與材料 31 3-2 儀器原理與分析 33 3-2-1 太陽光模擬器 33 3-2-2 電化學交流阻抗分析 37 3-2-3 入射光子轉換效率量測系統 43 3-2-4 循環伏安儀 44 3-2-5 金屬濺鍍機 46 3-2-6 可見光-紫外光光譜儀 47 3-2-7 室內光量測系統 47 3-2-8 一般儀器 49 3-3 實驗流程及實驗原理 51 3-3-1 二氧化鈦薄膜製備 51 3-3-2 光電極敏化程序 52 3-3-3 對電極製備程序 53 3-3-4 電解質製備程序 53 3-3-5 染料敏化太陽能電池元件組裝 54 第四章 結果與討論 56 4-1 利用電化學方法吸附染料製備元件 56 4-1-1 施予電位的選擇 56 4-1-2 施予電位對元件表現之效應 57 4-1-3 吸附時間對元件表現之效應 59 4-1-4 吸附方式對元件光電流影響之探討 61 4-1-4-1 染料於光電極薄膜吸附程度之比較 62 4-1-4-2 電化學法對染料吸附上之限制 63 4-1-5電池元件之阻抗特性分析 66 4-1-5-1 施予電位於電池元件之阻抗特性分析 68 4-1-5-2 吸附時間於電池元件之阻抗特性分析 69 4-1-6 以滲透實驗分析電化學吸附法 72 4-1-7 電化學方法對染料吸附速度之探討 73 4-1-8染料吸附於光電極之示意圖 75 4-1-9 元件穩定性測試 78 4-2 電化學吸附之應用性 80 4-2-1 染敏太陽能電池於室內光環境之應用 80 4-2-2 電化學吸附法於室內光下之元件表現 81 4-2-3 吸附時間對元件表現之效應 83 4-2-4 施予不同電位與吸附時間於電池元件之阻抗特性分析 84 4-2-4-1 施予不同電位於電池元件之阻抗特性分析 85 4-2-4-2 吸附時間於電池元件之阻抗特性分析 86 4-3 SQ2/TY6染料共敏化於室內光環境下之應用 89 4-3-1 染料對元件於室內光源表現之比較 89 4-3-2共敏溶液於可見光範圍之吸收表現 91 4-3-3 共敏化劑對DSSC元件效能之影響 92 4-3-4 共敏化電池元件之阻抗特性分析 94 第五章 結論與建議 98 5-1 結論 98 5-2 未來工作與建議 100 第六章 參考文獻 102

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