在河川低流量時，魚類會採取不同棲息方式度過枯水季節，本研究探討魚類棲息地環境受到流量減少的影響，使用偏好度及適合度瞭解魚類在該環境的偏好，達到棲息地環境保護及保育的目的。研究中，針對明潭吻鰕虎、埔里中華爬岩鰍及短吻小鰾鮈三種臺灣特有種進行偏好度及適合度研究，在湍瀨與深潭不同的棲息地，分別以為電格法及背負式電魚法採樣，進行研究區域生物調查。為了能充分瞭解棲息地對魚類影響，研究中藉由斷面測量，透過模式模擬流量變化之下的物理棲息地，進而探討流量改變對於魚類棲息地的影響。採樣結果資料處理的部分，採用以等量及等距方式做偏好度和適合度比較，等量分組方式是將採樣點依等數量進行分組，而等距是以參數等間距來分組。水理演算是利用HEC-RAS 模擬各斷面在不同流量下的水位高，結合二維棲地模式River2D 進行二維棲地模擬，各網格內模擬結果涵蓋不同流量之下的水深與流速變化，輸入魚類偏好度或是適合度指數，可以得到魚類偏好棲地區域或是權重可利用面積。模擬結果顯示明潭吻鰕虎喜好相對高流速（40cm/s 以上）及淺水（20cm 以下）棲息地，埔里中華爬岩鰍喜好相對中流速（ 50~70cm/s ）及淺水（ 20cm 以下）棲息地，短吻小鰾鮈則喜好相對低流速（20cm/s 以下）和深水（20cm 以上）棲息地。根據上述結果，瞭解到低流量對魚類影響之大，造成魚類在棲地分佈及丰度上的改變，近年來，因我們人類取水需求增加，興建水庫或是攔河堰等結構物幫助人類取水，導致下游流量減少，希望藉本研究能瞭解低流量對魚類的影響，提供生態環境保育相關訊息。

Hydrology affects stream fish communities in different ways. This thesis examined the influence of low flow on changes of fish habitat by applying habitat preference and suitability into River2D modeling. The study sites were in the Houjyue Stream which is a small tributary of the Zen-Wen Stream in southern Taiwan. Fish samplings, environment measurements, and topography surveys were conducted during dry season from Nov. 2010 to April 2011. We sampled fish with electric grid method in riffle areas and backpack electric fishing method in pool areas and totally recorded 18 species of fish. The three most abundant species, Rhinogobius candidianus, Sinogastromyzon puliensis and Microphysogobio brevisrostris, were target species for later analyses. Topographic grid layer of a segment of stream bed was generated from field survey data by River2D, then, various flow amounts were applied on grid layer to simulate flow velocity and water depth. The microhabitat preference and suitability of flow velocity, water depth, and substrate types were calculated for the three target species, and were fed into River2D for modeling their preferred and suitable habitat. We also compared two grouping methods for preference and suitability analyses, equal interval and equal amount. In general, both grouping methods provide similar results that R. candidianus prefers high velocity and shallow water habitats, S. puliensis prefers middle velocity and shallow water habitats, and M. brevisrostris prefers low flow and deep water habitats. The suitable area and preferred areas of these three species decrease with decreasing flow amount. The declining of habitable area is especially faster for riffle species such as R. candidianus and S. puliensis.

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