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研究生：	蔣香松 Suryani, Devi
論文名稱：	氧化鈣固定於幾丁聚醣應用於催化反應生成生質柴油之研究 Biodiesel Production by Using Immobilized CaO in Chitosan Bead
指導教授：	吳文騰 Wu, Wen-Teng
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	97
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	68
中文關鍵詞：	非均相觸媒、幾丁聚醣、轉酯化、氧化鈣、生質柴油
外文關鍵詞：	Heterogeneous Catalyst, Chitosan, CaO, Biodiesel, Transesterification
相關次數：	點閱：84 下載：1
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　　本研究利用物理包埋法將氧化鈣固定於幾丁聚醣粒子上，並以此固定化氧化鈣的幾丁聚醣粒子作為催化大豆油與甲醇之轉酯化反應的鹼觸媒。當氧化鈣在幾丁聚醣粒子上的觸媒負載量約為12%(w/w)時，則所製備出的固定化粒子具有高穩定性。並進一步將此固定化氧化鈣幾丁聚醣粒子應用於大豆油轉酯化反應的探討。因此，以回應曲面法（response surface methodology, RSM）決定出此觸媒反應的最適化條件：溫度設定於60 ℃，油與甲醇的莫耳比為1:13.4以及觸媒負載量13.78 wt%。於最適化條件下進行反應3小時後，獲致大豆油平衡轉化率高達97%。

CaO, immobilized in chitosan beads by physical encapsulation, was employed as an alkali catalyst to catalytically produce biodiesel by transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. The operation conditions for CaO immobilization with high stability were optimized as the CaO loading of this catalyst was obtained around 12% (w/w). The immobilized CaO trapped in chitosan beads was further employed to investigate the transesterification reaction of soybean oil with methanol. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimal catalytic reaction conditions at temperature of 60oC, molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:13.4, and catalyst loading of 13.78 wt%. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the equilibrium conversion of soybean oil was up to 97% for 3 hours.

CONTENTS
ENGLISH ABSTRACT	i
CHINESE ABSTRACT	ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT	iii
CONTENTS………………	iv
LIST of FIGURES	vi
LIST of TABLES	vii
CHAPTER 1   INTRODUCTION	1
CHAPTER 2   LITERATURE REVIEW	4
1. 	Transesterification	4
1.1. Effect of alcohol molar ratio to oil	4
1.2. Effect of reaction temperature	5
1.3. Effect of reaction time	6
1.4. Effect of catalyst	6
2. Selection of Catalyst	7
2.1. Enzymatic catalyst	7
2.2. Chemical catalyst	12
2.2.1. Homogeneous Alkali Catalyst……………………………………………..13
2.2.2. Heterogeneous alkali catalyst	15
2.2.3. Immobilisation of heterogeneous alkali catalyst	19
3. Selection of Catalyst Support	20
4. Biodiesel	23
4.1. Biodiesel feedstock	23
4.1.1. Triglycerides	24
4.2.2. Free Fatty Acids	24
5. Response Surface Methodology	27
CHAPTER 3  	MATERIALS and METHODS	29
1. Materials	29
2.Methods	30
2.1. Catalyst preparation	30
2.1.1. Preparation of immobilized CaO into chitosan beads	30
2.1.2. Crosslinking treatment	30
2.2. Catalyst characterization	33
2.2.2. Characterization of molecular composition with XRD	33
2.2.3. Measurement of CaO loading with titration procedure	33
2.3. Optimisation of transesterification reaction	34
2.3.1. Kinetic study of transesterification reaction	35
2.3.2. Soybean oil conversion analysis	35
2.3.3. Optimisation by Response Surface Methodology	36
2.4. CaO leaching measurement	37
CHAPTER 4	RESULTS and DISCUSSION	38
1. Catalyst Characterization	38
2. Crosslinking Parameter on Catalyst Preparation	43
2.1. The effect of crosslinking agent (Glutaraldehyde) concentration on second cycle of soybean oil conversion	43
2.2. The effect of crosslinking time on second cycle of soybean oil conversion	44
2.3. Measurements of CaO leaching into reaction mixtures on specified crosslinking parameter	45
2.4. SEM pictures of crosslinking process for different crosslinking times	46
3. Kinetic Study of Transesterification Reaction	51
3.1. Molar ratio of oil to methanol	51
3.2. Temperature……………………………………………………………………51
3.3. Catalyst loading	52
4. Optimisation of Reaction Rate in Transesterification Reaction by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)	55
5. Leaching of CaO into Reaction Mixtures	61
6. Recycle Use of the Catalysts	63
CHAPTER 5	CONCLUSION and FUTURE WORKS	64
REFERENCES	……………………………………………………………………………66
                                    

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校內：2011-07-14公開
校外：2011-07-14公開

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