本研究針對日治時期左官匠師於傳統小舞壁上鏝抹之「黃大津塗」進行材料檢測。首先調查壁塗的空間位置，依日治時期文獻刊載，陸軍飛行第八聯隊聯隊奏任、準士官宿舍(即現存屏東市崇仁新村成功區及通海區之眷舍)存在黃大津塗之工法，故調查其玄關、踏込、廣椽、座敷、床の間、茶間及便所的壁體，再依檢驗位置進行X射線螢光分析儀(X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer，簡稱XRF)、X光繞射儀（X-Ray Diffractometer，簡稱XRD）及能量散佈光譜分析(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer，簡稱EDS)，以建立基礎資訊，比對並驗證取樣標本內含的主要元素、化合物；另以區域或空間位置比較不同樣本的元素及化合物含量是否存在差異。
透過文獻回顧，本文整理出有關日本黃大津壁塗的相關文獻，從《臺灣建築會誌》及《臺灣總督府公文類纂》中，可了解壁塗材料、使用位置、壁塗構法與尺寸，以及日本黃大津壁的材料組成和化學式。案例研究主要針對屏東市崇仁新村成功區及通海區進行歷史、文獻及田野調查，將現況與文獻圖資進行比對，作為下一階段科學檢測的依據。在實驗規劃中，採用非破壞檢測的儀器進行檢測，取得主要元素所占比例與構成壁塗的主要化合物等資訊，再透過不同儀器的檢測結果進行交叉分析。
由本研究得知，日治時期黃大津壁塗所在空間位置及科學性檢測結果如下列各項:
一、元素重量百分濃度分析:以攜帶式XRF進行元素重量百分濃度檢測，將結果進行統計分析，可見黃大津壁塗之主要元素依平均濃度高低分別為：鈣(ca)、鎂(Mg)、矽(Si)、硫(S)、鋁(Al)、鐵(Fe)等六種元素，平均共佔塗層成份之46.71%。其中鈣元素屬於平均濃度最高之元素(35.28%)，鎂、矽、硫、鋁、鐵之濃度介於0.8%至3.5%之間，其餘元素則約低於0.1%。
二、三台儀器交叉比對結果:從XRF的檢測中得知試體的主要元素為鈣(Ca)，同時，XRD及EDS交叉比對之下，可確認主要成份為碳酸鈣(CaCO₃)、石英(Sio2)。
三、區域比較:將樣本依地點分為崇仁新村通海區與成功區進行統計分析，可見兩區之「黃大津壁」塗層的主要元素在濃度方面並無明顯差異，惟通海區之鐵元素平均濃度較成功區高0.1686%，矽及硫元素之濃度則分別低於成功區約0.9777%及0.9163%。「黃大津壁」主要元素含量差異方面，通海區之鐵元素平均濃度較成功區少於19.9911%。
四、空間位置比較:本研究採集樣本時，依空間性質細分為玄關、踏込、廣椽、座敷、床の間及茶間等。分析各空間主要元素濃度與平均濃度差值後，可見硫元素(S)濃度與平均濃度之比例差異較大，玄關與欄間的濃度分別高於平均濃度51%及27.73%，有偏高的趨勢；床間及座敷則分別低於平均濃25.02%及21.59%。再比對鐵元素(Fe)之濃度，僅有玄關出現黃鐵礦元素 (硫、鐵)，其濃度皆有高於平均濃度的趨勢。

The researcher conducted material tests of “yellow Otsu coating,” which refers that the plaster craftsmen in the Japanese Occupation Period performed trowel finish on the traditional bamboo lath. First, the spatial locations of finish wall coating were investigated . According to the literature of the Japanese Occupation Period, the plasterer’s work of yellow Otsu coating existed in the military dormitories for the Sonin-rank non-commissioned officers of the 8th Flight Regiment of the Japanese army (i.e. the currently existed military officers’ households in Chenggong District and Tonghai District of Chongren New Village in Pingtung City). Therefore, the wall bodies of the buildings’ entry way, porch, veranda, alcove, bedroom, tearoom and toilet were examined. After that, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) were used depending on the test locations, so as to get basic information, and then compare and verify the main elements and compounds contained in the samples taken. In addition, comparison of different samples at the various regional or spatial locations were made to see whether there was a difference in the content of elements and compounds amongst the samples.
With literature review, relevant journal papers about the Japanese yellow Otsu finish wall coating were compiled. From the Journal of Architectural Institute of Taiwan and the Compilation of Official Documents of Taiwan Governor-General’s Office, we can understand the materials of finish wall coating, locations for use, finish wall coating method and size, as well as the composition and chemical formulas of the materials of the Japanese yellow Otsu finish walls. The case being studied was located at Chenggong District and Tonghai District of Chongren New Village in Pingtung City, where historical study, literary review and fieldwork were conducted. The current situations of the districts aforesaid were compared with the maps shown in the journals, and the compared results will be the basis for scientific testing in the next stage. In the experimental plan, non-destructive testing instruments were used for testing, achieving the information on the percentages of the major elements as well as the major compounds that constituted the finish wall coating. After that, based on the test results of different instruments, cross analysis was carried out.
As known from this study, the spatial location survey and scientific test results of yellow Otsu finish wall coating during the Japanese Occupation Period are shown as follows:
1.Analysis on weight percent concentration of elements: A portable XRF was used to test the weight percent concentrations of elements, and then statistical analysis was made for the test results. It can be seen that according to the descending order of the values of mean concentrations, the yellow Otsu finish wall coating are composed of six major elements, namely calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si), sulfur (S), aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe), all of them accounting for 46.71% of the total coating composition on average. Amongst these elements, calcium is the element with the highest mean concentration (35.28%), and the concentration of magnesium, silicon, sulfur, aluminum and iron is between 0.8% and 3.5%. The concentration of remaining elements is approximately lower than 0.1%.
2.Cross comparison of results by three instruments: As known from the tests by XRF, the main element of the samples is calcium (Ca). Meanwhile, cross comparison between the results of XRD and EDS confirmed that the samples are mainly composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and quartz (Sio2).
3.Regional comparison: After the samples are categorized according to locations, Tonghai District and Chenggong District of Chongren New Village for conducting statistical analysis, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in the concentration of the main element of the “yellow Otsu finish wall” between the two districts. Nevertheless, the mean concentration of iron element in Tonghai District is higher than that in Chenggong District by 0.1686%, and the concentrations of the elements of silicon and sulfur in Tonghai District are lower than those in Chenggong District by 0.9777% and 0.9163% respectively. As to the difference in the content of the main elements of the “yellow Otsu finish wall,” the mean concentration of iron element in Tonghai District is less than that in Chenggong District by 19.9911%.
4.Comparison of spatial locations: The samples collected were categorized according to the nature of space such as entry way, porch, veranda, alcove, bedroom and tearoom. After analysis of the difference between concentration and mean concentration of the main elements in the various spaces, it can be seen that there is a greater difference between the concentration and mean concentration of sulfur (S) element. Its concentrations at the entry way and transom window are higher than the mean concentration by 51% and 27.73% respectively, indicating a higher concentration. Its concentrations at the bedroom and alcove are lower than the mean concentration by 25.02% and 21.59% respectively. Then a comparison of the concentration of iron (Fe) element was made. It is found that only the entry way has the elements of pyrite (sulfur, iron), and their concentrations are higher than the mean concentration.

一、碩博士論文
[1] 吳漢鐘(2012) 。《以非破壞性檢測技術建立藝術品科學鑑定程序》。臺南：國立成功大學。(化學系博士論文)。
[2] 陳怡晴(2019)。《歐式石膏大理石材料檢測與修護研究－以國立台灣博物館為例》。臺南：國立臺南藝術大學。(博物館學與古物維護研究所碩士論文)。
[3] 曾令毅 (2008)。《日治時期臺灣航空發展之研究(1906〜1945)》。臺北：淡江大學。(歷史學系碩士論文)。
[4] 葉慶元(2017)。《以聚落保存觀點探討「屏東飛行宿舍群」的發展策略》。屏東：大仁科技大學。(文化創意產業研究所碩士論文)。
[5] 蔡錫謙(2000)。《日治時期屏東市街都市與建築發展之歷程》。中壢：中原大學。(建築學系碩士論文)。
[6] 蔡依文(2018)。《早期戲偶頭粉面變色研究-論暗化戲偶頭返鉛處理的可能性》。臺南：國立臺南藝術大學。(博物館學與古物維護研究所碩士論文)。
[7] 謝文泰(1997)。《歷史性建築再利用計畫之外部空間構造材料之研究以台灣日治時期建築為例》。臺南：國立成功大學。(建築系碩士論文)。
二、日文專書及論文
[1] 川上邦基(1943)。《日本壁の研究》。東京市:龍吟社。
[2] 佐藤嘉一郎(2001)。《土壁・左官の仕事と技術》。京都:学芸出版社。
[3] 棚橋正博、村田裕司(2004)。《繪でよむ江戶のくらし風俗大事典》。東京 : 柏書房。
[4] 鈴木光(2014)。《明治以降を主とする左官構法の変遷に関する研究》。工学院大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻。
[5] 澁谷五郎、長尾勝馬(1938)。《日本建築》。日本東京：合資會社東京修文館。
三、日文雜誌期刊
[1] アジア歴史資料センター(http://www.jacar.go.jp/)
[2] 臺灣日日新報社，(1919)，〈飛行場根據地將來は濁水溪底〉，《臺灣日日新報》，1919年3月23日
[3] 臺灣日日新報社，(1920)，〈屏東飛行場開始式〉，《臺灣日日新報》，1920年11月22日
[4] 臺灣日日新報社，(1927)，〈警察飛行班九月中に閉鎖〉，《臺灣日日新報》，1927年8月8日
[5] 臺灣建築學會，1929-1944《台灣建築會誌》，第1-16輯
[6] 早川政之輔(1930)，〈飛行隊見學─聯隊の編制〉，《臺灣日日新報》， 1930年
[7] 鶴田榮一(2001)〈日本古典に見る古代の土壌顔料〉，《色材協会誌》，74巻8号
四、日文左官網站:
[1] 土蔵造りの家，2007，高岡市の土蔵造りの家々は，取自http://sanjel.blog91.fc2.com/blog-entry-17.html
[2] 日本小學館，1984，日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)，取自https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%81-571764
[3] 富沢建材-石灰と土のソムリエ雑記，2009，京都 伏見大亀 谷土処，取自http://tomizawakenzai.com/weblog/cat3/
[4] 豐田健建築師事務所，2019，土壁:竹小舞搔方式，取自https://www.t-sakan.com/191003takekomai-kakikata/
五、中文專書:
[1] 堀込憲二(2007)，《日式木造宿舍修復再利用解說手冊》。文化部文化資產局。
[2] 鍾堅(1996)，《臺灣航空決戰》，臺北：麥田出版股份有限公司
[3] 關維雅(1991)，〈中日合院型住宅空間結構之比較研究〉，《建築學報》第四期。
[4] 蕭江碧、徐裕健(2004)，《日治時期洋風建築「壁塗粉刷」構造及施工方式研究》，內政部建築研究所。
六、中文期刊
[1] 杜正宇(2011)，〈日治時期的「高雄飛行場」〉《高雄文獻》2011年9月1卷2期，高雄市：高市文化局
[2] 李志璇、塗三賢、林振榮(2020)，〈桂竹稈基本性質及強度初探〉，《林業研究專訊》。
[3] 陳培源、劉德慶、黃怡楨（2004），〈臺灣之礦物〉。《臺灣地質系列》，第14號。
[4] 關維雅(1991)，〈中日合院型住宅空間結構之比較研究〉，《建築學報》第四期。
[5] 顧超光(2014)〈從竹籬笆到藝文休閒園區：以屏東勝利新村的在利用經驗為例〉，《文化資產保存學刊》，2014年7月，第27期，臺北市：文化部文化資產局。
七、國內網站:
[1] 國立自然科學博物館，黃鐵礦，取自https://www.nmns.edu.tw/