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研究生: 陳韋瑞
Chen, Wei-Jui
論文名稱: 聚草酸酯之合成及其性質研究
Studies on synthesis and properties of polyoxalates
指導教授: 楊明長
Yang, Ming-Chang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 63
中文關鍵詞: 熔融聚合法聚草酸酯生質材
外文關鍵詞: polycondensation, poly oxalates, biomass
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  • 現今過度依賴石化燃料,而燃燒石化燃料伴隨的CO2排放,造成溫室效應使得全球年均溫逐漸的上升。但在經濟的考量下,石化燃料的必要性又不可或缺。於是如何節省不可再生石化燃料、減少大氣中的二氧化碳就是很迫切的議題。本研究使用非糧食作物草酸為原料。利用草酸,以很簡單的製程從草本植物中取得、及其生長週期短和較小耕地面積的特性來迅速解決節能減碳之目標。
    並以模擬工業化聚酯的製程,使用高溫熔融聚縮合法合成出不同碳鏈長的脂肪
    族聚酯,聚草酸二乙酯、聚草酸二丙酯、和聚草酸二丁酯。其中以聚草酸二乙酯之熔點為最高、結晶性最好,不管在高分子材料上與高分子加工上都有較廣的應用。但其熱穩定較差,在約 200℃ 開始熱裂解,重量損失 5% 的熱裂解溫度為236℃。
    接著就以聚草酸二乙酯為基材下,添加較長碳鏈的第三種成份雙酸或雙醇 ,來合成出不同種的脂肪族和芳香族聚草酸共聚酯,以降低聚草酸二乙酯中緊密的酯基含量,來提昇聚草酸二乙酯之熱穩定性。

    Currently , the global warming adversely effect the environment . The main reason due to the over dependence on the use of fossil fuels . Carbon dioxide generated from burning fossil fuels led to green house effect . However , fossil fuels is necessary to maintain economic growth . So far , how to reduce non - renewable fossil fuels and decrease the carbon dioxide of the environment arise the great attention of all aspects .
    In our studies , we use oxalic acid as a biomass material . The advantages of oxalic acid can benefit the energy saving as well as carbon reduction. Firstly , oxalic acid can be obtained from herb with simple and low-energy process . Secondly , by means of the short life cycle and small cultivated land can be reduced carbon effectively . In our process , we simulate industrial polyester synthesis process by melt poly-condensation polymerization to prepare poly alkylene oxalate with different carbon length . We found that poly(ethylene oxalate) have highest melting and crystallization temperature and enthalpy . Therefore , poly(ethylene oxalate) can find wide application range in polymer material and polymer processing . Unfortunately , this polymer is less stable , showing a threshold temperature for decomposition under programmed heating ( 20℃/min) at about 200°C and a rate maximum in the region of 320°C .
    To improve thermal Stability of poly(ethylene oxalate) , we try to add the third longer carbon length element diol or diacid . Finally , we successfully make poly oxalate copolyesters with higher thermal degradation temperature than poly (ethylene oxalate) by decreasing the unit weight of ester group content in the structure .

    摘要......................................................Ι Abstract..................................................Ⅱ 致謝.....................................................III 目錄......................................................VI 圖目錄..................................................VIII 表目錄.....................................................X 第一章 緒論 1-1環境現況................................................1 1-2生質材料簡介............................................3 1-3草酸的取得..............................................6 1-3-1植物中的草酸..........................................6 1-3-2工業上製備草酸........................................7 1-4植物的光合作用..........................................9 1-5研究動機...............................................11 第二章 文獻回顧 2-1草酸的性質.............................................12 2-2聚草酸酯的發展.........................................13 2-3聚草酸酯之熱穩定性.....................................19 2-4研究目的...............................................21 第三章 實驗內容 3-1實驗藥品...............................................22 3-2實驗儀器...............................................22 3-3實驗步驟...............................................23 3-3-1光學級10 L聚酯反應槽之操作步驟.......................23 3-3-2聚草酸酯之合成.......................................25 3-4樣品分析...............................................33 第四章 實驗結果與分析 4-1聚草酸酯之合成.........................................36 4-1-1聚草酸酯之1H-NMR分析.................................36 4-1-2聚草酸酯之熱穩定性分析...............................38 4-1-3聚草酸酯之熱性質分析.................................40 4-2聚草酸共聚酯之合成.....................................42 4-2-1聚草酸共聚酯之1H-NMR分析.............................42 4-2-2聚草酸共聚酯之熱穩定性分析...........................51 4-2-3聚草酸共聚酯之TGA-IR.................................53 4-2-4聚草酸共聚酯之熱性質分析.............................55 第五章 結論……………………………………………………………59 參考文獻 自述

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