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研究生: 洪志泰
Hung, Chih-tai
論文名稱: 以數位信號處理器為控制單元之升壓型高功因電力轉換器之研製
Implementation of A DSP-Based Controller for High Power Factor Correction Boost Converter
指導教授: 林鐘烲
Lin, Jong-Lick
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 工程科學系
Department of Engineering Science
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 159
中文關鍵詞: 數位信號處理器
外文關鍵詞: DSP
相關次數: 點閱:48下載:5
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  • 本論文係以升壓型電力轉換器作為主動式功因校正電路,為使轉換器兼具功因校正與輸出穩壓的特性,吾人利用內迴路電流控制器,使轉換器具有高功因特性;利用外迴路電壓控制器,使輸出電壓穩壓,不受線電壓及負載電阻變動影響。
    文獻中,常用之電流控制法有三種:峰值電流控制法、平均電流控制法與磁滯電流控制法。吾人分別推導此三種電流控制器之小信號數學模型,並繪出其控制方塊圖。此外,在開關週期 下,若電流控制法能使內迴路之輸入電流 追隨命令電流 ,則吾人可推導出控制信號 至輸出電壓 之轉移函數。因此,吾人可設計古典PI電壓控制器,並以雙線性轉換法(bilinear transformation),將其轉換為數位PI電壓控制器。
    吾人以德州儀器(TI)生產之DSP晶片TMS320F240,實現數位PI電壓與磁滯電流控制器。在論文中,並推導數位磁滯電流控制方塊圖,以利程式之撰寫。DSP之軟體程式內包含:週邊記憶體映射暫存器之位址宣告、變數初始值設定、中斷向量設定、中斷暫存器設定、PWM輸出與計時器(1與2)設定、AD暫存器設定、中斷擷取程式、PI電壓控制器程式、磁滯電流控制器程式、與程式返回。
    最後,由實作結果顯示:升壓型電力轉換器加入磁滯電流與PI電壓控制器後,輸出電壓維持在100 V,其功因為0.946。當負載變動時 ,輸出電壓仍維持在100 V,其功因為0.943。當輸入線電壓變動時 ,輸出電壓仍維持在100 V,其功因為0.941。因此,吾人所設計之數位PI電壓與磁滯電流控制器,確實可使升壓型電力轉換器兼顧功因校正與輸出穩壓。

    In this thesis, the boost converter is regarded as an active power factor correction (PFC) circuit to achieve the high power factor and output voltage regulation. Therefore, an inner-loop current controller is adopted to exhibit high power factor. An outer-loop voltage controller is used to regulate the output voltage despite the variations in the input line voltage and load resistance.
    In the literature, there are three kinds of the current control: peak current control, average current control and hysteresis current control. The small-signal model and control block diagram of each aforementioned controller are derived in the thesis. Moreover, assume the input current i (t) g follows the command current i (t) g ∗ over one switching period s T , the transfer function from the control signal ctrl v~ to output voltage o v~ can be obtained. The classic PI voltage controller is thus designed based on this derived transfer function. Then, it can be transferred to a digital PI voltage controller by bilinear transformation.
    The digital PI voltage and hysteresis current controllers are realized by using a DSP chip, TMS320F240, produced by Texas Instruments. For program coding, the block diagram of digital hysteresis current control is also derived herein. The DSP program includes the addresses declaration of the memory mapped registers, initial values of the parameters, and the setting of interrupt vectors, interrupt registers, PWM output, timers (1 and 2) and AD registers. In addition, the codes of interrupt fetching, PI voltage controller realization, hysteresis current controller realization, and program return are also included.
    Finally, the boost converter with hysteresis current and PI voltage controllers is implemented. It reveals from experimental results that power factor is 0.946 , and output voltage is regulated at 100 VDC. The power factor change to 0.943 under load variation (200 → 240 Ω) , but the output voltage is still regulated at 100 VDC. On the other hand, the power factor changes to 0.941 under input line voltage variation (50 → 60 VAC) , but the output voltage is still regulated at 100 VDC. Accordingly, the boost converter with the designed digital controllers exhibits high power factor and output voltage regulation.

    目錄 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 目錄 Ⅳ 圖表目錄 Ⅶ 第一章 緒論 1-1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1-1 1.2 DSP之發展 1-2 1.3 DSP之優點與限制 1-3 1.4 相關論文回顧 1-5 1.5 論文研究方向 1-7 1.6 本文架構 1-7 第二章 功率因數之校正 2-1 2.1 功率因數之定義 2-1 2.2 功因校正電路之原理 2-5 2.3 功因校正電路之分類 2-7 2.3.1 被動式功因校正器 2-7 2.3.2 主動式功因校正器 2-9 2.4 主動式功因校正結構 2-10 2.4.1 升壓型電力轉換器之功因校正原理 2-11 2.4.2 升壓型電力轉換器之功因校正結構 2-12 第三章 電流回授控制法 3-1 3.1 峰值電流控制法之限制 3-1 3.2 內迴路電流控制:功因校正 3-3 3.2.1 峰值電流控制法 3-3 3.2.2 平均電流控制法 3-8 3.2.3 磁滯電流控制法 3-11 3.2.4 升壓型電力轉換器之小信號模式 3-17 3.3 外迴路電壓控制:輸出穩壓 3-21 第四章 數位控制之核心(TMS320F240) 4-1 4.1 記憶體與輸出入空間 4-2 4.1.1 記憶體 4-2 4.1.2 輸出入(I/O: Input/Output) 4-5 4.2 中央處理單元(CPU: Central Processing Unit) 4-9 4.2.1 中央算術邏輯單元(CALU) 4-9 4.2.2 輔助暫存器算術單元(ARAU) 4-12 4.3 中斷及類比/數位(ADC)轉換模組 4-14 4.3.1 中斷 4-14 4.3.2 類比/數位(ADC)轉換模組 4-16 4.4 事件管理者模組 4-18 4.5 省電模式 4-20 第五章 TMS320F240與8051之比較 5-1 5.1 概述8051 5-2 5.2 8051與F240記憶體之比較 5-3 5.2.1 8051與F240程式記憶體之比較 5-4 5.2.2 8051與F240資料記憶體之比較 5-5 5.3 8051與F240中央處理單元(CPU)之比較 5-7 5.4 8051與F240中斷之比較 5-14 5.5 8051與F240省電模式之比較 5-18 第六章 介面電路與數位控制器之設計 6-1 6.1 介面電路 6-1 6.2 數位控制器之設計 6-6 6.2.1 古典電壓控制器之設計 6-7 6.2.2 數位電壓控制器之設計 6-10 6.2.3 磁滯電流控制器之設計 6-13 第七章 實作結果與心得 7-1 7.1 實作結果 7-1 7.1.1 功因 7-1 7.1.2-1 負載變動 7-2 7.1.2-2 線電壓變動 7-3 7.2 實作電路與照片 7-5 7.3 實作心得 7-8 7.4 實作心路歷程 7-11 第八章 軟體程式說明 8-1 8.1 變數初始值與中斷向量設定 8-1 8.2 中斷暫存器、PWM輸出與計時器1、2設定 8-4 8.3 AD暫存器設定與中斷擷取程式 8-7 8.4 PI電壓控制器 8-15 8.5 磁滯電流控制器 8-16 8.6 程式返回 8-18 第九章 結論與未來展望 9-1 9.1 結論 9-1 9.2 未來展望 9-2 參考文獻 自述

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