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研究生： 洪偉喬
Hung, Wei-Chiao
論文名稱： 雙面透光鈣鈦礦太陽能電池及其應用於鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊式元件之研究
Bifacial perovskite solar cells and their application for perovskite/silicon tandem device
指導教授： 陳昭宇
Chen, Chao-Yu
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 光電科學與工程學系
Department of Photonics
論文出版年： 2020
畢業學年度： 108
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 73
中文關鍵詞： 大面積 、雙面透光 、鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 、鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池 、四接點式串疊型電池
外文關鍵詞： large area, bifacial, perovskite solar cells, perovskite/silicon tandem cell, four-terminal tandem cell
相關次數： 點閱：104  下載：0 
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    • 近年來，鈣鈦礦太陽能電池最高的效率達到25.2%，矽晶太陽能電池則是達到最高26.7%的效率，都已經越來越接近其各自的理論最高效率(鈣鈦礦太陽能電池:31%；矽晶太陽能電池:29%)，為了繼續在效率上有所突破，可以將寬能隙的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池以及窄能隙的矽晶太陽能電池以串疊(Tandem)的方式組合成一四接點式(Four terminal, 4T)鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊式電池來提升其效率，理論上最高可以到39%左右的效率，本研究主要聚焦於寬能隙的鈣鈦礦電池之優化，藉由將其結構改為雙面透光式元件，使在進行串疊型元件時窄能隙的矽晶電池也能夠接受到光而產生效率。
    由於先前的文獻中所提到的鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池大部分的工作面積都還介於0.09平方公分至0.25平方公分中間，此面積對於要將其商業化的方向來看的話是遠遠不夠的，因此本研究中主要以工作面積為1.02平方公分的元件來進行製作並且優化，期許能夠進一步將鈣鈦礦元件在較大工作面積下的效率往上提升。
    研究中利用不同儀器來分析鈣鈦礦電池內的各層對於整體元件穿透度的影響並改善之，並且透過在鈣鈦礦電池的透明對電極上加上金導線來增加透明電極在大面積下導電性不足的情況，並在整體元件穿透度與透明電極導電性中取得一較好的平衡，最後將完成的雙面透鈣鈦礦元件應用至四接點式鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池上並透過IV、IPCE量測來分析其轉換效率，最終分別得到一工作面積為1.02平方公分，轉換效率(PCE)為14.66%的雙面透光鈣鈦礦太陽能電池以及20.92%的四接點式鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池。

    Nowadays, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and silicon solar cells (SSCs) have achieved a promising power conversion efficiency of 25.2% and 26.7%, respectively, that are close to their theoretical limitation. (PSCs=31%; SSCs=29%) In order to further boost the efficiency of solar cells, tandem solar cells by stacking high-bandgap PSCs as the top cell and low-bandgap SSCs as bottom cell have been proposed whose theoretical efficiency can reach 39%. Although previous works have demonstrated the perovskite/tandem solar cell, the active area of the tandem cell is limited within 0.09 to 0.25 cm2. Such a small active area is incapable of commercial application. In this research, we aim to fabricate large-area perovskite/silicon tandem cells. Bifacial PSCs is fabricated by using transparent conductive oxide electrode of IZO as the top transparent electrode and stacks with SSCs under mechanical tandem architecture with four terminal connection to form perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. In order to reduce the lateral resistance of the IZO transparent electrode, the finger Au electrode is introduced on the top of the IZO transparent electrode. Large-area bifacial PSCs with an active area of 1.02 cm2 deliver a remarkable efficiency of 14.66% after optimizing the film quality and bandgap of perovskite light absorber, the transmittance and sheet resistance of IZO, and the finger Au spacing. Eventually, a promising PCE of 20.92% for four-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem cell with 1.02 cm2 active area is demonstrated.

    摘要 i 致謝 xiii 目錄 xiv 表目錄 xvii 圖目錄 xviii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 太陽能電池之演進與發展 1 1.2.1 第一代太陽能電池(Silicon Based) 2 1.2.2 第二代太陽能電池(Thin Film) 2 1.2.3 第三代太陽能電池(New Concept) 3 1.3 太陽能電池之原理與量測 6 1.3.1 太陽光譜輻照度(Spectrum irradiance)與空氣質量(Air Mass) 6 1.3.2 Shockley-Queisser limit 6 1.3.3 太陽能電池元件量測 7 1.4 研究動機 9 第二章 文獻回顧 11 2.1 有機無機混成鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之發展 11 2.2 鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型太陽能電池發展 14 2.2.1 鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池與其發展潛力 14 2.2.2 二接點式鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池 15 2.2.3 四接點式鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池 21 第三章 實驗方法與儀器分析 29 3.1 實驗儀器與藥品 29 3.2 實驗流程 30 3.3.1 基板蝕刻 30 3.3.2 cp-TiO2電洞阻擋層/緻密層製備 30 3.3.3 SnO2電子傳輸層製備 30 3.3.4 鈣鈦礦吸光層製備 31 3.3.5 Spiro-OMeTAD電洞傳輸層製備 31 3.3.6 IZO+Au對電極製備 31 3.3 量測、特性分析儀器原理 32 3.4.1 穿透度光譜量測 (Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer，UV-Vis) 32 3.4.2 光致發光光譜儀 (Photoluminescence，PL) 33 3.4.3 表面粗度儀 (α-step) 33 3.4.4 掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM) 33 3.4.5 四點探針電性量測 (Four-point probe) 34 3.4.6 IV特性曲線與外部量子轉換效率量測(IPCE) 34 第四章 結果與討論 35 4.1 雙面透鈣鈦礦元件的優化 35 4.1.1 IZO透明導電膜的選擇以及分析 35 4.1.2 鈣鈦礦能隙(Band gap)的調控與分析 39 4.1.3 外加金屬導線優化分析 42 4.1.4 電洞傳輸層Spiro-OMeTAD穿透度分析 45 4.1.5 FTO穿透度分析 48 4.1.6 電子傳輸層置換分析 50 4.1.7 IV、IPCE量測分析 51 4.1.8 元件TEM結構分析 54 4.2 四接點式鈣鈦礦/矽晶串疊型電池應用 57 4.2.1 Silicon電池量測 57 4.2.2 4T tandem cell之IV、IPCE分析 60 第五章 結論與未來展望 65 5.1 結論 65 5.2 未來展望 65 參考文獻 67

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