綠色基盤設施因為其多功能性已被各國視為一個整合氣候變遷減緩與調適的策略，在台灣雖然綠色基盤設施的概念已日益普及，也強調綠色基盤在氣候變遷減緩與調適和都市防災上所扮演的角色，但是在規劃上大多以單一的效益做為出發點，較少以多個效益的角度出發，也缺乏探討共效益間可能的協同(synergies)與權衡(trade-offs)關係；另外在效益的供給層面，過往也較少討論系統性空間配置對共效益的影響，導致綠色基盤設施的外部效益降低。因此本研究以共效益為觀點，以鹽水溪流域作為分析範圍，建立綠色基盤設施空間規劃模型，並利用雙變量空間自相關探討共效益間協同與權衡的關係，最後以綠色基盤設施規劃模型的成果建立不同空間配置的情境，計算不同情境下對人親近綠色基盤設施的效益，並以SWAT水文模式模擬減洪的效益，進行綠色基盤設施產生的共效益分析。
研究成果可以發現，在本研究區內最需要綠色基盤設施的區位主要位於台南市的安南區、北區與中西區等區域，而山上區、左鎮區則相對不需要多做綠色基盤設施的建設。在共效益的協同與權衡分析中，本研究發現共效益間可能存在的協同與權衡效應外，這些效應在空間中可能存在著空間的異質性，協同與權衡效應在空間中並非全然相同。接著在不同空間的配置下，本研究發現分散式的空間配置不只對整體流域的減洪效益提升最大，也會讓整體人們親近綠地的效益有最大的提升，因此若是未來要規劃整個綠色基盤設施的系統的話，可以往分散式的方向進行努力。

Climate Change has caused various issues to our society and environment. In order to decrease these impacts, planning abundant urban green infrastructure has been seen as one of a significant policy strategy. Green infrastructure provide a variety of social and ecological benefits, from improving mental health to flooding management. In this thesis, we tried to evaluate the benefits of the green infrastructure in Yanshuei River Basin, for the purpose of identifying the synergies and trade-offs of different co-benefits. We utilized Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to evaluate the effect of runoff reduction and calculate the accessibility to green infrastructure in different scenarios, including plan orientation, centralized and decentralized green infrastructure planning. Results show that there is spatial heterogeneity exist in the synergies and trade-offs between diverse co-benefits. It provided a new perspective for researchers to have more systematic studies associated with this issue. According to the Green Infrastructure Spatial Planning which we built, the prioritization for green infrastructure siting located at Annan District and North District in Yanshuei River Basin. In addition, the effect of runoff reduction is better with decentralized green infrastructure planning, that is to say smaller units of green infrastructure with a separate configuration are more effective to reduce runoff. Furthermore, the average accessibility to green infrastructure of decentralized green infrastructure planning is higher than centralized scenario. In conclusion, government should consider to plan green infrastructure in a decentralized way to enhance the resilience and sustainability of one area.

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