根據流行病理學的研究顯示，一大部分的懷孕與哺乳的婦女曾因罹患重鬱症或輕鬱症而必須使用抗憂鬱劑來幫助控制病情，但胎兒可能透過臍帶或母乳接收抗憂鬱劑。至今，個案在胎兒期暴露在抗憂鬱劑之下，日後出生會出現少數生理上的不良後果，但還未有充足的研究證實是否有長期的影響。在前一個研究顯示，胎兒期暴露於劑量25 mg/kg 的bupropion (正腎上腺素與多巴胺回收抑制劑)，產生較高的場地制約偏好，表示其有較強的古柯鹼上癮行為。本研究之目的:讓小鼠在胎兒期暴露於三個不同劑量的bupropion，分別為12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg 與50 mg/kg對於成年後的活動量，焦慮程度，以及對古柯鹼的上癮行為強度。在研究方法上，在小鼠懷孕第三週於皮下注射抗憂鬱劑，控制組則注射等量的生理食鹽水，待小鼠成年後，以紅外線偵測儀器進行十分鐘的活動量評估；接著以具高度的十字迷津評估小鼠的焦慮程度；最後以三天的配對程序建立小鼠古柯鹼的上癮行為，記錄其場地制約偏好的強度。另外一群在胎兒期暴露於bupropion的小鼠與其控制組在出生後第56-63天在Opto-varimex minor儀器中立即給予一劑古柯鹼後進行十分鐘的活動量評估。驗就結果發現小鼠在胎兒期暴露於bupropion並不會影響其成年的體重。再者，胎兒期暴露於劑量50 mg/kg的bupropion產生較高的活動量，焦慮程度；暴露於劑量25 mg/kg的bupropion產生較高的場地制約偏好，表示其有較強的古柯鹼上癮行為，然而當劑量減半時此顯著差異便消失。Bupropion，除了有其抗憂鬱的療效以外，更是一種幫助戒菸的藥物之一，實驗結果顯示在胎兒期接觸可能提高成年時行為躁動，焦慮反應與古柯鹼上癮的敏感性。

Major depression and dysthymia afflict a proportion of gravid and breast-feeding women. These women are frequently recommended on antidepressants to relieve their symptoms even if the drugs’ effects on fetal growth and postnatal development are not completely known. In a previous study, we reported that prenatal bupropion, but not fluvoxamine, citalopram, or trazodone, exposure seemed to enhance the hedonic value of cocaine in adult mice. This study was undertaken to examine the dose-related effects for prenatal bupropion exposure on altering the stress susceptibility, cocaine-associated reinforcing property, and cocaine-induced sensitization in adult mice. Our results showed that various doses (ranging 12.5-50 mg/kg) of prenatal bupropion administration at the third trimester of pregnancy did not alter body weight of the adult mice. Bupropion administration at 50 mg/kg enhanced both ambulatory and rearing responses in the open field test. Moreover, bupropion administration (at 25 and 50 mg/kg) significantly decreased the numbers in open arm entry in the elevated plus maze test. Furthermore, prenatal bupropion treatment appeared to facilitate the cocaine-induced place preference in a sex-dependent manner. Finally, prenatal bupropion exposure (at 25 and 50 mg/kg) accelerated and elevated the development of cocaine-induced sensitization in locomotor activity. While the antidepressant and smoking-curbing effects of bupropion have been addressed in literature, we suggest that prenatal bupropion exposure could run a risk of enhancing individual’s agitation, stress susceptibility and cocaine stimulating propensity in adulthood.

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