| 研究生: |
林美玲 Lin, Mei-Ling |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
網路購物顧客接受模式之研究 A Customer Acceptance Model for Online Shopping |
| 指導教授: |
吳萬益
Wu, Wann-Yih |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA) Executive Master of Business Administration (EMBA) |
| 論文出版年: | 2005 |
| 畢業學年度: | 93 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 93 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 購買意圖 、態度 、網路購物 、信任 、科技接受模型(TAM) 、承諾 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Online Shopping, Trust, Commitment, Attitude, Purchase Intention, TAM |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:120 下載:5 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
自從網際網路廣泛使用於商業用途以來,發展電子商務已成為企業的競爭策略工具,其目的在配合、滿足、並擴大消費者的需求。本研究的目的即在探討網路消費者對購物網站之信任、承諾、態度及購買意願相互影響之模型。研究對象則選擇「PC-HOME網路購物」與「MIZDA網路購物」等國內具代表性的兩個購物網站,以問卷調查方式成功訪問到 203 位網路使用者之使用觀感,作為網路使用者對於評估購物網站的依據。
本研究之主要研究成果在於驗證出三項關係下所產生之信任、承諾、態度與購買意願等相關因素相互之影響,說明如下:
在認知溝通、體驗溝通、信任與態度之關係方面,本研究結果顯示,當消費者對於該網站購物的「體驗溝通知覺」或「認知溝通知覺」愈高,則對於該網站購物的「信任」皆愈高。而當消費者對於該網站購物的「信任」愈高,則對於該網站購物的「態度」愈高。另外當網頁所傳達之「認知溝通」越是傾向親和性、溝通效能及容易互動時,則與「體驗溝通」之感官式體驗、情感式體驗、思考式體驗、行動式體驗及關聯式體驗愈具關聯性。
在認知溝通、體驗溝通、承諾與態度之關係方面,根據研究結果得知,當認知溝通傾向親和性、溝通效能及容易互動時,則與承諾之內化、外化及認同愈具關聯性。而由典型相關分析得知,當體驗溝通傾向感官式體驗、情感式體驗、思考式體驗、行動式體驗及關聯式體驗,則與承諾之內化、外化及認同愈具關聯性。
在信任、承諾、態度與購買意圖之關係方面,當消費者對於該網站購物的「態度信任」愈高,則對於該網站購物的「購買意圖」愈高。當消費者對於網頁有較高承諾時,會對於該網頁產生正面的態度及購買意圖。而有關信任對承諾之影響,當消費者相信此網站對顧客的關心是真誠的,相信此網站是值得信賴的時候,會提高消費者對於該網站之承諾程度。
而在管理上的意涵方面,本研究顯示網站使用者對於溝通的知覺(體驗溝通、認知溝通)程度愈高,則對於網站所產生的信任愈高。因此一個成功的網站,必須將注意力集中於提高網頁本身所傳達之認知溝通與體驗溝通能力等顯著影響顧客信任與承諾的關鍵因素,這將是網站是否成功的關鍵。
本研究亦透過技術接受模式來探討網路使用者之購買意圖,研究結果指出消費者之認知溝通與體驗溝通會影響其對網頁之信任、承諾、態度與購買意圖。如何從網頁本身與所販售產品特質著手,透過設計使用介面,強化消費者的知覺與體驗,針對目標消費者做好網站架設,強化消費者購買動機,是網站業者必須重視的課題。
Ever since the widespread usage of online transaction, e-commerce development has become a competitive strategy for corporations, aiming to synchronize, satisfy, and spread the needs of consumers. This study discusses the interactive model of consumer trust, commitment, attitude, and purchase intention on online shopping websites. “PC-HOME Online Retailer” and "MIZDA Online Retailer” were chosen as the research subject for their national recognition. Two-hundred and three online users were surveyed for their reactions through questionnaires, providing a reference for online users in evaluating online shopping websites.
The main findings of this study demonstrate the relation and effect between trust, commitment, attitude and purchase intention as a product of three types of relations. The discussion is as follows:
In terms of cognitive communication, experiential communication, trust, and attitude, the findings show that the higher the consumers’"consciousness of cognitive communication” or “consciousness of experiential communication” toward the website, the higher their level of trust. Meanwhile, higher level of trust results in higher level of attitude toward the website. Additionally, the more that the website’s “cognitive communication” displays an affinity toward the visitor, communicative efficiency, and simple interaction,the higher level of relationship in the areas of Sense, Feel, Think, Act, and Relate in “experiential communication”.
Regarding the relationship between cognitive communication, experiential communication, commitment, and attitude, the findings demonstrate that when cognitive communication exhibits affinity, communicative efficiency and easy interaction, there is a higher level of relationship with internalization, externalization, and recognition. Through related classical analysis, it is shown that when experiential communication leans toward Sense, Feel, Think, Act, and Relate, there is a level of higher relationship with the internalization, externalization, and recognition of commitment.
For the relationship between trust, commitment, attitude, and purchase intention, when consumers possess higher level of “attitude and trust,” there is a higher level of purchase intention toward the website. Consumers having a high commitment toward the website generate a positive attitude and purchase intention toward it. On the subject of the effects of trust on commitment, when consumers believe that the website genuinely cares for their customers and feels that the website is trustworthy, a higher level of commitment will be generated.
In terms of the meaning of management, this research shows that the higher the users’ level of communicative cognition (experiential communication and cognitive communication), the higher the trust there is toward the website. Thus, a successful website must concentrate its attention toward increasing the key elements in effecting customers’ trust and commitment, such as cognitive and experiential communication capacity. This will be the key to whether the website will succeed.
Additionally, applying TAM as discussion basis on internet users’purchase intention, the results demonstrate that consumers’ cognitive communication and experiential communication will effect their trust, commitment, attitude, and purchase intention toward the website. Beginning with the website and product features through user interface design, how to strengthen consumer cognition and experience, construct websites based on targeted consumers, and bolster consumers’ purchase motivation are essential issues that online businesses must accentuate upon.
中文部分:
1.王怡雰(2004),「電腦溝通媒介與任務型態對媒介認知之影響」,中華大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
2.何佩珊(2002),「實虛整合經營模式對消費者選擇行為影響之分析-以音樂光碟販售」,銘傳大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
3.汪美香、葉桂珍(2003),「年輕網路族對網站特性之認知與網路購物意圖之關連性研究」,資訊管理展望,第五卷,第一期,3 期
4.周家瑜(2003),「網站體驗對使用者信任、情感與行為意圖影響之研究」,國立高雄第一科技大學行銷與流通管理係碩士論文。
5.吳靜宜(1999),「購買過程中運用網際網路與實體商店之比較研究」,成功大學國際企業所碩士論文。
6.吳佳靜(2002),「影響使用者信任網站的因素之探討-以入口網站為例」,東吳大學商學院 資訊科學系碩士論文。
7.吳肇銘(2004),「以網站體驗觀點探討影響網站忠誠度之因素-以手機網站為例」,資管評論,第十三期,pp.277-247.
8.林星聖(2001),「壽險產業關係行銷之研究-承諾-信任理論之應用」,國立交通大學管理科學學程碩士論文。
9.林鴻南(2004),「使用者認知網站品質與習慣影響購物網站使用意向之研究」,國立中正大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
10.洪世章(2001),「網際空間內創新型態、形成與信任機制之探討」,國立清華大學科技管理研究所碩士論文
11.洪嘉蓉(2004),「服務品質、滿意度與忠誠度關係度關係之研究─以中華電信公司ADSL顧客為例」。私立大葉大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
12.莊妙華(2000),「網路商店使用智慧型店員對消費者購買意願影響之研究」,國立中山大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
13.黃錦祥(1999),「消費者選擇網路購物的經濟分析」,國立中山大學資訊管理研究所博士論文。
14.黃智強(2000),「影響採用網路購物因素之研究-以網路書店為例」,國立中央大學資訊管理學系碩士論文。
15.陳進成(2003),「電子商務顧客價值、滿意度與忠誠度之研究-以電子商店為例」,中原大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
16.陳素玲(2004),「企業間承諾關係影響因素之探討─以台灣全錄公司為例」,私立朝陽科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
17.陳惠敏(2004),「線上財務服務持續採用意向之研究─網站信任之中介效果」,私立中原大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
18.許嘉恩(2000),「購物行為因素與網際網路購物接受度之關電子商務網站消費者信賴程度與採購意願之探討參考文獻係研究─以行動電話為例」,私立淡江大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文。
19.許秀秦(2004),「關係行銷、服務品質與關係品質之關聯性研究─以資訊教育業為例」,國立中正大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
20.葉協益(2001),「關係承諾與信任對電子商務關係行銷之影響」,國立中正大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
21.楊淑鈞(2000),「電子商務服務品質與消費者購買意願關聯性之探討」,銘傳大學國際企業所碩士論文。
22.萬恒鈞(2003),「網路購物環境對消費者購買意願之影響」,私立銘傳大學國際企業研究所碩士論文。
23.潘柏元(2004),「關係行銷應用於網路企業之研究」,私立大葉大學事業經營研究所碩士論文。
24.張宏榮(2002),「網路網路溝通之干擾因素探索」,國立中正大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
25.廖育志(2004),「從關係行銷觀點探討顧客滿意及顧客忠誠─大台北地區手機市場之實証研究」,國立台北大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
26.趙崇志(2002),「網站特性對顧客利益與行為意向之分析」,銘傳大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
27.賴俊宏(2001),「網路購物再惠顧行為模式之研究」,長榮管理學院經營管理研究所碩士論文。
28.賴嘉宏(2003),「網路設計品質對線上顧客關係與行為意圖的影響」,國立中央大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
29.鍾育明(2004),「信任機制對於網路交易意圖影響之研究」,國立台北大學企業管理學系博士論文。
英文部分:
1.Ajzen, I. and Martin F. (1980), “Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior,” Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
2.Amoako-Gyampah, K. and Salam, A.F. (2004), “An Extension of The Technology Acceptance Model in an ERP Implementation Environment, ” Information & Management, 41, pp.731-745.
3.Andrew, J. R.and Vanitha, S. (2004), “A Typology of on Line Shoppers Based on Shopping Motivations,” Journal of business research, 57, pp.748-757.
4.Arun,S. and Jagdish N.S. (2004), “Web-based Marketing The Coming Revolution in Marketing Thought and Strategy, ” Journal of Business Research, 57, pp.696-702.
5.Anderson, J. C. and Weitz, B. (1992), “Determinants of Continuity in Conventional Idustrial Channel Dyads,” Marketing Science, 8, pp.310-323.
6.Atkinson, M.A.and Christine, K. (1997), “Individual Characteristics Associated with World Wide Web Use: An Empirical Study of Playfulness and Motivation,” The DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 28(2), pp.53-62.
7.Ba, S. and Pavlou, P. A. (2002), “Evidence of The Effect of Trust Building Technology in Electronic Markets: Price Premiums and Buyer Behavior,” MIS Quarterly, 26(3), pp.243-268.
8.Barnes, J. G. (1994), “The Issue of Establishing Relationships With Customer in Service Companies: When Are Relationships Feasible and What from Should They Take?” Working Paper, Memorial University of Newfoundland
9.Bergeron, L. and F. Raymond (1997), “Global Distribution Systems: A Field Study of Their Use and Advantages in Travel Agencies,” Journal of Global Information Management, 5(4), pp.23-32.
10.Bhattacherjee, A. (2002), “Individual Trust in Online Firms: Scale Development and Initial Test,” Journal of Management Information Systems , 19(1), pp.211-241.
11.Bitner, M.J. (1992), “Servicecapes: The Impact of Physical Surroundings on Customers and Employees,” Journal of Marketing, 56, pp.57-71.
12.Blackwell, Miniard, and Engel (2001), “Consumer Behavior,” 9th Ed, Harcourt, Inc.
13.Bloch, P. H. (1995), “Seeking the Ideal Form: Product Design and Consumer Response,” Journal of Marketing, 59, pp.16-29.
14.Burke, K., and Chidambaram, L. (1999), “How Much Bandwidth Is Enough? A Longitudinal Examination of Media Characteristics and Group Outcomes,” MIS Quarterly, 23 (4), pp.557-580.
15.Chaudhuri, A. and Morris ,B. H. (2001), “ The Chain of Effects from Brand Trust and Brand Affect to Brand Performance: The Role of Brand Loyalty,” Journal of Marketing, 65, pp.81-93.
16.Cherie K., Martin W., Ko, R. and Richard, F. (2004), ” E-tailers versus Retailers Which Factor Determine consumer preferences,” Journal of Business Research, 57, pp.685-695.
17.Chaudhuri, A. and Morris, B.H. (2002), “Product-class Effects on Brand Commitment and Brand Outcomes: The Role of Brand Trust and Brand Affect,” Brand Management, 10, pp 33-58
18.Chen, L. D., Gillenson, M. L., and Sherrell, D. L.(2002), “Enticing Online Consumers: An Extended Technology Acceptance Perspective,” Information & Management , 39, pp.705-719.
19.Chidambaram, L. and Jones, B. (1993), “Impact of Communication Media and Computer Support on Group Performance: A Comparison of Face-to-Face and Dispersed Meeting,” MIS Quarterly, 17(4), pp.465-489.
20.Chin, W. W. and Abhijit, G. (1995), “Adoption Intention in GSS: Relative Importance of Beliefs,” DATABASE Advances, 26(2), pp.42-63.
21.Cobb, W., Cathy, J., Rubble, C. A., and Donthu, N.(1995), “Brand Equity, Brand Preference, and Purchase Intent,” Journal of Advertising , 35(3), pp.25-39.
22.Daft, R. L. and Lengel, R. H. (1986). “Organizational Information Requirements: Media Richness and Structural Design,” Management Science, 32(5), pp.554-571.
23.Davis, F. D. (1986), “A Technology Acceptance Model for Empirically Testing New End-User Information Systems: Theory and Results,” Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation, Sloan School of Management, MIT.
24.Davis, F. D., Richard, P. B. and Paul, R. W. (1989), “User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models,” Management Science, 35(8), pp.982-1003.
25.Doney, P. M. and Cannon, J. P. (1997), “An Examination of the Nature of Trust in Buyer-Seller Relationships,” Journal of Marketing, 61(2), pp.35-51.
26.Dorsch, M. J., S. R. Swanson, and Kelley, S. W. (1998), “The Role of Relationship Quality in the Stratification of Vendors as Perceived by Customers,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 26(2), pp.128-142.
27.Doyle, S. X. and Roth G. T, (1992), “Selling and Sales Management in Action: The Use of Insight Coaching to Improve Relationship Selling,” Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 12, pp. 59-64.
28.Dupont, R. (1998), “Relationship Marketing: A Strategy for Consumer-Owned Utilities in a Restructured Industry,” Management Quarterly, 38(4), pp.11-16.
29.Dwyer, F. R., Schurr, P. H. and Oh, S.(1987), “Developing Buyer Seller Relationships,” Journal of Marketing, 51, pp.11-27.
30.Dhruv, G., Gopalkrishnan R. I. and Michael L. (2004), “Internet Retailing : Enablers, Limiters and Market Consequences” Journal of Business Research, 57, pp.703-713.
31.Eighmey, J. and Lola McCord (1998) “Adding Value in The Information Age: Uses and Gratifications of Sites on the World Wide Web,” Journal of Business Research, 41, pp.187-194.
32.Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D. and Miniard, P. W. (1995). Consumer Behavior. The Dryden Press.
33.Frode H., Endre S. and Anders F. H. (2004), “Success on The Internet-Optimizing Relationships Through The Corporate Site,” Information Management, 24,(2),pp.115-129
34.Fulk, J., Steinfield, C., Schmitz, J., and Power, G. (1987), “A Social Information Processing Model of Media Use in Organizations,” Communication Research, 14(5), pp.529-552.
35.Ganesan, S. (1994), “Determinants of Long-Term Orientation in Buyer-Seller Relationships,” Journal of marketing, 58, pp.1-19.
36.Garbarino, E. and Johnson, M. S .(1999), “The Different Roles of Satisfaction, Trust, and Commitment in Customer Relationships,” Journal of Marketing, 63, pp.70-87.
37.Gefen, D. (2000), “E-commerce: The Role of Familiarity and Trust,” Omega, 28 (6), pp.725-737.
38.Gefen, D., Pavlou, P.A., Warkentin, M., and Rose, G.M. (2002), “Egovernment Adoption,” Proceedings of The Eighth Americas Conference on Information Systems, pp.569-576.
39.Gronroos, C (1990), “Relationship Approach to Marketing in Service Context: The Marketing and Organizational Behavior Interface,” Journal of Business Research, 20, pp.3-12.
40.Gruen, T. W., Summers, J. O. and Acito, F. (2002), “Relationship Marketing Activities, Commitment, and Membership Behaviors in Professional Associations,” Journal of Marketing, 64(3), pp.34-49.
41.Hano, H., and Tibert, V. (2004), “Online Store Image: Conceptual Foundations and Empirical Measurement,” Information and Management, 41, pp.609-617
42.Heijden, H., Verhagen,T. and Creemers, M. (2003), “Understanding Online Purchase Intentions: Contributions from Technology and Trust Perspectives,” Eurpoean Journal of Informaion Systems, 12, pp.41-48.
43.Henderson, R., Rickwood, D., and Roberts, P. (1998), “The Beta Test of an Electronic Supermarket,” Interacting with Computers, 10, pp. 385-399.
44.Henning-T., and Klee A. (1997), “The Impact of Customer Satisfaction and Relationship Quality and Customer Retention: A Critical Reassessment and Model Development,” Psychology & Marketing, 14(8), pp.737-64.
45.Huang, P.F., (1998), “Relationship Marketing: Investigation into Consumers,” Imitation, Maintenance and Adjustment/ Disengagement of Marketing Relationship, Business Administration, The University of Mississippi.
46.Jerry C., J Gholamreza, T. and Gurpreet, D. (2004), “Re-Examining the Measurement Models of Success for Internet Commerce,” Information and management, 41, pp.577-584.
47.Jones, S., Wilikens, M., Morris, P., and Masera, M. (2000), “Trust Requirements in e-Business,” Communications of the ACM , 43(12), pp.81-87.
48.Kini, A., and Choobineh, J. (1998), “Trust in Electronic Commerce: Definition and Yheoretical Considerations,” Proceedings of the 31st Hawaii International
Conference on System Sciences, 4, IEEE, pp. 51-61.
49.Kai, H. L. (2004), “Is Ecommerce Boundary-less? Effects of Individualism-Collectivism and Uncertainty Avoidance on Internet Shopping,” Journal of International Business Studies,” 35(6), pp.547-559.
50.Kydd, C.T., and Ferry, D.L. (1991), “Computer Supported Cooperative Work Tools and Media Richness: An Integration of the Literature,” Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences,3, IEEE Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, pp.324-332.
51.Lacher, K. T., and Mizerski, R. (1994), “An Exploratory Study of the Responses and Relationships Involved in the Evaluation of and in the Intention to Purchase New Rock Music,” Journal of Consumer Research, 21(2), pp.366-381.
52.Leigh, M. W., Marla M. C. and Laurence P. (2004), “Learning from in Internet Giants,” Mitsloan Management Review, 45(4), pp.79-84.
53.Leo, R. V. (2004), “Predicting Consumer Intentions to Use On-Line Shopping: The Case for an Augmented Technology Acceptance Model,” Information and management, 41, pp.747-762.
54.Lee, M. K. O., and Turban, E.(2001), “A Trust Model for Consumer Internet Shopping,” International Journal of Electronic Commerce , 6(1), pp.75-91.
55.Lewicki, R. J., and Bunker, B. B. (1995), “Developing and Maintaining Trust in Work Relationships,” Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research, Sage Publication, CA.
56.Lin,N.E., Wang,C.M. and Hsieh,Y.C. (2003), “Relational Bonds and Customer’s Trust and Commitment- a Study on the Moderating Effects of Web Site Usage,” The Service Industries Journal, 23 (3), pp.103-124.
57.Luhmann, N. (1989), Vertrauen. Ein Mechanism as der Reduktion Sozialer Komplexitat, 3rd edtion, Enke Stuttgart
58.MacKenzie, S. B.; and Lutz, R. J.; Belch, G. E. (1986), “The Role of Attitude Toward the Ad as a Mediator of Advertising Effectiveness: A Test of Competing Explanations,” Journal of Marketing Research, 23(2), pp.130-144.
59.Mathieson, K. (1991), “Predicting User Intentions: Comparing the Technology Acceptance Model with the Theory of Planned Behavior,” Information Systems Research, 2(3), pp.173-191.
60.Mathwick, C. (2002), “ Understanding the Online Consumer: A Typology of Online Relational Norms and Behavior,” Journal of Interactive Marketing, 16(1), pp.40-55.
61.Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., and Schoorman, F. D. (1995), “An Integrative Mode of Organizational Trust,” Academy of Management Review, 20(3), pp.709-734.
62.Moorman, C, Zaltman, G. and Deshpande, R. (1992), “Relationships Between Providers and Users of Marketing Research: The Dynamics of Trust Within and Between Organizations,” Journal of Marketing Research, 29(2), pp.314-329.
63.Morgan, R. M. and Hunt, S. D. (1994), “The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing,” Journal of Marketing, 58, pp.20-38.
64.Mukherjee, A.and Nath,P. (2003), “A Model of Trust in Online Relationship Banking,” The International Journal of Bank Marketing; 21(1), pp.5-15.
65.Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A. and L. L. Berry(1996), “Refinement and Reassessment of the SERVQUAL Scale,” Journal of Retailing, 67, pp.421-451.
66.Park, C.H., and Kim, Y.G. (2003), “Identifying Key Factors Affecting Consumer Purchase Behavior in an Online Shopping Context,” International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 31(1), pp. 16-29.
67.Peterson, R. A. (1995), “Relationship Marketing and the Consumer,” Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 23(4), pp.278-281.
68.Petty, R. E. and Cacioppo, J. T. (1983). “Central and Peripheral Routes to Advertising Effectiveness: The Moderating Role of Involvement,”Journal of Consumer Research. 10, pp.135-146.
69.Pine, J. and Gilmore, J. H.(1999), The Experience Economy: Working is Theatre and Every Business a Stage, Boston MA: Harvard Business School Press.
70.Rice, R.E., and Associates. (1984) The New Media: Communication, Research, and Technology, sage, Beverly Hills, CA.
71.Rusbult, C. E. (1980), “Commitment and Satisfaction in Romantic Associations: A Test of the Investment Model,” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16(2), pp. 172-186.
72.Rusbult, C. E. (1983), “A Longitudinal Test of the Investment Model: The Development(and Deterioration) of Satisfaction and Commitment in Heterosexual Involvements,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(1), pp.101-117.
73.Schlosser, A.E. (2003), “Experiencing Products in the Virtual World: the Role of Goal and Imagery in Influencing Attitudes Versus Purchase Intentions,” Journal of Counsumer Research, 30(2).PP.184-198.
74.Schmitt,B. and Alex, S. (1997), Marketing Aesthetics: the Strategic Management of Brands, Identity, and Image, Simon & Schuster, Inc.
75.Schmitt , B. H. (1999), Experiential Marketing: How to Get Customers to Sense,Feel, Think, Act, Relate to Your Company and Brands, Simon & Schuster, Inc.
76.Schurr, P. H. and Ozanne, J. L. (1985), “Influences on Exchange Process: Buyer’s Preconceptions of a Seller’s Trustworthiness and Bargaining Toughness,” Journal of Consumer Research, 11(1), pp.939-953.
77.Shamdasani, P. N., and Balakrishnan, A. A. (2000,), “Determinants of Relationship Quality and Loyalty in Personalized Services,” Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 17, pp.399-422.
78.Short, J., Williams, E., and Christie, B. (1976), The Social Psychology of Telecommunications, John Wiley, New York, NY.
79.Smith, R. E. and William, R. S. (1982), “Information Response Models:An Integrated Approach,” Journal of Marketing, 46(1), pp.81-94.
80.Sonja, G.K. (2002), “ The Role of Consumers’ Trust in Online-Shopping,” Journal of Business Ethics, 39, pp. 43-50.
81.Julie, S.S., Gordon, C.B., and Anard, K. (2000), “ Webpage Background and Viewer Attitudes,” Journal of Advertising Research, 40(1&2), pp.29-34.
82.Swan, J. E., Bowers, M. R., and Richardson, L. D. (1999), “Customer Trust in the Salesperson: an Integrative Review and Meta-Analysis of the Empirical Literature,” Journal of Business Research, 44, pp.93-107.
83.Takacs, J., Reed, W. M., Wells, J. G., and Dombrowski, L. A. (1999), “The Effect of Online Multimedia Project Development, Learning Style and Prior Computer Experiences on Teachers’ Attitudes Toward the Internet and Hypermedia,” Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 31, pp.341-359.
84.Teo, T. S. H., Vivien K. G. L. and Raye, Y. C. L. (1999), “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Internet Usage,” The International Journal of Management Science, 27, pp.25-37.
85.Thorsten, H. T., Kevin P.G., and Dwayne, D.G. (2002), “Understanding Relationship Marketing Outcomes: An Integration of Relationship Benefits and Relationship Quality,” Journal of Service Research, 4(3), pp.230-247.
86.Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J., Warkentin, M., and Chung, H. M.(2002), “Electronic Commerce: a Managerial Perspective,” Prentice Hall.
87.Warrington, T. B., Abgrab, N. J. and Caldwell H.M. (2000), “Building Trust to Develop Competitive Advantage in E-Business Relationships,” Competitiveness Review, 10,(2), pp.160-168.
88.Zarem, J. E. (2000) “Experience Marketing,” Folio: The Magazine for Magazine Management, Stamford, 1, pp.28-32.
89.Zeithaml V. A., Berry, L. L. and Parasuraman, A. (1996), “The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality,” Journal of Marketing, 60, pp. 31-46.