近年來，無人機產業迅速發展，其應用領域相當廣泛，從商業至軍事領域皆在應用範疇之中，因此，各國紛紛投入資源生產無人機與其零組件，強化獨自研發且供應自主化的能力，尤其在全球供應鏈高度集中、對中國製造商高度依賴的背景下，我國本土供應鏈的建立顯得更加迫切。本研究針對重型無人機的應用領域，旨在設計一單支達25公斤升力之螺旋槳葉，並盡可能降低其氣動噪音，為本土無人機螺旋槳葉的自主設計提供技術參考。
本研究針對新設計或既有之螺旋槳葉，提出一系統性的槳葉最佳化設計方法，並根據所提出的研究方法，設計出一款可達目標升力並減低噪音之螺旋槳葉。方法流程首先依據設計需求建立基準槳葉的幾何模型，並透過氣動模擬計算其升力、阻力與噪音等性能表現。接著對每項影響性能的設計因子進行分析效應，尋找在升力與噪音控制上兼具最佳化效果的設計方案。完成最佳化流程後，再利用有限元素法進行槳葉結構強度驗證，確保其在運行條件下的安全性。整體流程涵蓋模型建立、器動性能模擬、因子效應分析、設計最佳化與強度驗證等步驟。
本研究結合電腦輔助建模與計算流體力學模擬，評估多軸無人機螺旋槳葉的性能，並採用田口方法分析提升實驗效率，配合有限元素法驗證結構強度，完成兼具升力需求、降噪效果與安全性的槳葉設計。結果顯示，螺旋槳葉直徑、螺旋槳槳距、槳距角分布與翼型對升力表現具顯著影響，且葉尖彎曲設計對噪音具有抑制效果，與基準槳葉相比，最佳化槳葉在較低的工作轉速可達到相同升力，並減少氣動噪音。進一步對最佳化槳葉進行強度驗證，證實最佳化螺旋槳葉的結構強度足夠安全。本研究所提出的設計方法，可做為設計高升力螺旋槳之參考方向，對推進國內無人機產業自主化、縮短研發時程、降低開發成本具有一定的貢獻。

In recent years, UAVs developed rapidly for both commercial and military applications. Countries raced to strengthen in-house R&D and reduce reliance on Chinese manufacturing, which was especially urgent for Taiwan. This study focused on heavy-lift multicopters, aiming to design a propeller blade capable of producing 25 kgf lift while minimizing noise.
A systematic design procedure was proposed in this study. The procedure started with developing a baseline blade model by available design information. Then, aerodynamic simulations were conducted to obtain the outcome of the physical performances such as lift, drag, and noise by varying design factors for the blade model. Taguchi method was selected to analyze the influence of each design factor and identify the optimal combinations which can improve the lift and reduce noise. Finally, the newly design blade was verified the structural safety based on finite element method under operating loadings.
By combining CAD modeling, CFD simulations, and design factor analysis, the optimized blade met the lift requirement, ran more quietly, and remained structurally safe. Key findings showed that diameter, pitch, pitch angle distribution, and airfoil shape strongly influenced lift, while a curved tip reduced noise. Compared with the baseline, the optimized blade achieved the same lift at lower RPM with less noise, offering performance and efficiency gains to support a more self-reliant UAV industry.

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