環境中病毒氣膠可造成健康負面影響，例如嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(SARS)經由空氣傳染並嚴重威脅人類健康與經濟發展。然而目前病毒氣膠採樣器的病毒氣膠捕集效率低，無法了解環境中病毒氣膠濃度與其活性。因此本研究擬開發一具高採集效率及高活性病毒保存率之病毒氣膠採樣系統。本研究使用噬菌體MS2為測試病毒，將測試病毒稀釋為109 PFU/ml以六嘴式卡里森霧化器產生氣膠。採樣系統由蒸汽噴射氣膠採樣器 (SJAC) 分別與全玻璃衝擊瓶(AGI-30)及SKC BioSampler®組合而成。SJAC內溫度設定於三個不同溫度 (37℃、45℃、50℃)，而採樣流速與時間設為12.5 LPM、15分鐘。採集樣本藉由溶菌斑實驗進行活性病毒之定量。實驗中同時使用氣動粒徑分析儀 (APS) 與掃描式微粒電動度分析儀 (SMPS) 監測氣膠粒徑濃度分布。研究中也測試SJAC系統於不同採樣時間(5、10、15分鐘)，並比較採集濃度之差異。最後為了確定SJAC系統於環境中應用可行性，將噴灑之病毒濃度降低至104 PFU/ml進行測試。
研究結果顯示SJAC 系統相較於單獨使用AGI-30或BioSampler®可提升活性病毒捕集效率約1.69~6.69 與 4.77~21.59倍。當蒸氣溫度提升至50℃時SJAC改善的能力下降，推測高溫蒸氣開始破壞病毒。於不同採樣時間結果發現，5與15分鐘時所採得病毒濃度有顯著差異。最後，於低濃度實驗中，相較於AGI-30僅採得極低濃度，SJAC病毒氣膠採樣系統能採集較有效病毒濃度，與AGI-30或BioSampler®相比，SJAC系統顯示傑出的捕集效率與病毒活性保存率。本研究展現SJAC應用於病毒氣膠採集的潛力。

SUMMARY
This study aims to develop a viral aerosol sampling system with high collection efficiency and high viral aerosol preservation. We used the bacteriophage MS2 as the test virus. The test virus was diluted to 109 PFU/ml and then aerosolized by the 6-jet collison nebulizer. We connected the Steam Jet Aerosol Collector (SJAC) with the all glass impinger-30 (AGI-30) or SKC BioSampler®. We controlled the vapor in SJAC at three different temperatures (37, 45, 50℃). The sampling flowrate and collection time were set to 12.5 LPM and 15 minutes, respectively. The collected samples were analyzed by the plaque assay to quantify the viable virus. We used the Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer (APS) and Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer (SMPS) to monitor the aerosol concentration and size distribution. We also test the SJAC system with different collection time (5, 10, 15min) to compare the difference in collected concentration. To sure the system is applicable to environmental sampling, we test the SJAC system with low MS2 concentration.
Results show that the viral aerosol collection efficiency of SJAC system increase 1.69~6.69 and 4.77~21.59 times when compared with the AGI-30 or BioSampler®, respectively. When the temperature of vapor raised to 50℃, the viral aerosol collection efficiency by the SJAC decreased. We surmise the high temperature of vapor may damage the virus. Comparing the results with different collection time, the collected viral concentration showed a significant difference between 5 and 15 minutes. Compared with the AGI-30 or BioSampler®, the SJAC viral aerosol collection system can significantly increase the viral aerosol collection efficiency. The study demonstrates the potential of SJAC for sampling viral aerosol.

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