本論文主要研究利用光配向製作之軸對稱液晶元件的光電特性。液晶是一種很多應用的材料，可調製光束相位並應用於顯示技術元件、光電元件、生醫光電元件等領域。當摻雜偶氮染料之液晶經適當波長之雷射激發後，摻雜在液晶中的偶氮染料會經歷trans-cis兩個狀態的來回改變，然後染料分子會轉向、擴散至基板，最後吸附在面向入射雷射光的基板上並完成配向，此一過程即為『光配向』。本論文的實驗主要可分成三個部分。

第一部分，製作液晶q-plate並研究其電控特性。此一元件可調控線性偏振高斯雷射光束的雷射光斑形狀以及轉換雷射光束中的線性偏振分佈。論文中所展示的光場強度模擬分析以及雷射光束中的線性偏振分布模擬分析則是利用MATLAB與 1D-DIMOS這兩套軟體，模擬所得之結果與實驗現象高度吻合。此一元件可用電控方式，施加不同電壓達成三種不同模態的光場調變切換。

第二部分，結合兩種不同q值製作液晶q-plate，此一元件命名為(advanced LC QPs)。此一元件亦可調製光束的空間相位分佈以產生光渦流，並且利用不同q值做搭配以控制圓偏振雷射光束的光束形狀，同時保有螺旋相位分佈的特性。再提出利用麥克森干涉儀檢驗液晶q-plate(或ALCQPs)，此一方式可同時與一般麥克森干涉之圖形做比較，以達到對螺旋相位分佈的直觀了解。

最後是將同心圓軸對稱配向與放射狀軸對稱配向結合夫聶爾透鏡(Fresnel lens)製作成液晶聚焦透鏡。此元件以線性偏振入射光測試，其一階聚焦效率可達到35%，並將出射光轉換成軸對稱分佈的線性偏振光。此一液晶夫聶爾透鏡為偏振獨立，且可利用施加電壓達到調控聚焦效率的目的。實驗結果的遠場光學繞射強度分佈圖與模擬之結果亦高度吻合。

本論文中所研製的液晶元件如液晶q-plate(或ALCQPs)，都具有高度潛力可應用於各種領域，如光鉗系統、量子資訊傳輸、光斑調控、相位調變、偏振轉換器等。

This dissertation studies the electro-optical properties of axially symmetrical (AS) liquid crystal (LC) devices based on photoalignment. LCs are powerful materials that can be used in light-beam phase, display, optoelectronic, and biophotonic devices. When a dye-doped liquid crystal (DDLC) cell is excited by a laser beam with a suitable wavelength, the azo dye molecules in the LC host undergo trans-cis isomerization, thus resulting in reorientation, diffusion, and finally, adsorption onto substrate surface(s). This process is called photoalignment. This dissertation has three parts, which are summarized as follows.

In the first part, LC q-plate (QP) was fabricated and demonstrated as an electrically tunable device. This device can be modulated to control the shape and polarization of a linearly polarized Gaussian laser beam that propagates through it. The intensity profile and polarization distribution of the modulated light beam were simulated by MATLAB and 1D-DIMOS. Results of the simulation are consistent with the experimental findings. In the fabricated electrically tunable LC QP device, switching between different beam-profile configurations can be achieved by applying a voltage.
In the second part, electrically advanced LC QPs (ALCQPs) that combine two q values in one device were investigated. The electrically tunable ALCQP device can be modulated to generate optical vortex beams, and to control the shape and polarization of a circularly polarized Gaussian laser beam that propagates through the device. A Gaussian beam modulated by an ALCQP under a suitable applied voltage exhibits a variation beam shape with a helical wave front, as demonstrated by Michelson’s interference.
Finally, a Fresnel lens with radial and azimuthal LC alignments in the odd and even zones was demonstrated in the third part. This device has a focusing efficiency of approximately 35%, as determined by using a linearly polarized probe beam. In addition, the lens converts the input linear polarization into AS polarization at the focal plane. The fabricated Fresnel lens is polarization-independent and has electrically controllable focusing efficiency. Moreover, the far-field pattern of the probe beam passing through the device that is placed between the polarizers agrees with the pattern obtained from the simulation.
The fabricated devices, including LC QP and ALCQP, that are presented in this dissertation have high potential for practical applications in numerous areas such as optical tweezers systems, beam-shape and polarization modulators, and material processing.

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