有機食品為一種不用農藥、化學肥料、生長調節劑等人工合成並不使用基因工程之食品，且盡量食用新鮮、不經烹煮之食物。因有機食品未添加任何化學藥劑，如：抗黴菌劑及人工處理，固一旦儲存條件不良或運輸過程中受到微生物污染，皆易可能導致發霉而導致黴菌毒素污染。近幾年有機食品市場蓬勃發展，食用人口越來越多，而台灣為亞熱帶氣候，終年高溫高溼，利於黴菌生長，故有機食品安全值得重視。
　　本研究第一階段將（1）台灣分為四區，依都市不同功能，共選取4都市：台北、台中、台南、花蓮；（2）並選取有機農業全球資訊網上之電話及地址資料能聯繫上之商家做為本研究中電話訪問卷及食品樣本購買對象。本研究抽查國內有機飲食族群食用之八大類食品，包含：穀物類、澱粉類、堅果種子類、水果類、蔬菜類、菇類、豆類及芽菜類等，以免疫親合管淨化並以HPLC-Flu進行Aflatoxins及Ochratoxin A分析檢測共分析90項食物樣本，以了解國內有機食品各類食材中受到黴菌毒素污染之狀況，另一方面第二階段發放有機食品飲食型態問卷了解有機飲食族群食物攝食劑量以推估Aflatoxins致癌風險及Ochratoxin A慢性非致癌風險。
　　本研究共發出320份問卷並回收229份（回收率：72%），男女購買有機食品比例為1：5，此族群多為具有高知識之中年族群（具大學學歷：53％，年齡層集中於40-50歲：41％），購買動機多認為有機食品有保健功效及無農藥殘留（37％，27％）且接觸時間多小於5年（54％）。有機族群攝食主要以穀物類之糙米為主，每人每日平均攝食量為54.77g。攝食量第二名為水果類的蘋果達47.66 g，其餘穀物類的五穀米（33.09g）、稻米（31.98g）及水果類的芭樂（30.90 g）、鳳梨（31.53g）等皆為有機族群攝食份量較多之食物，豆類的黃豆及蔬菜類平均約25g，其餘食物每日攝食量皆小於15g，堅果種子類、菇類、芽菜類為攝食量較少的食物，皆小於10g。黴菌毒素污染分析結果發現各區有某幾項食品受到黃麴毒素污染，其中以豆類污染較嚴重。雖如此，但所有樣中只有7%（6/90）樣本被檢驗出LD50小，對於人體毒性效應較大之Aflatoxin B1，只有2%的樣本超出法規值－南區的小米（Aflatoxin B1：5.70 ppb）超出歐盟穀物濃度標準4 ppb，東區的黑豆樣本(Aflatoxin B1：13.14 ppb)超出大陸豆類濃度標準5 ppb，而90個食物樣本中皆未檢測出赭麴毒素。在風險推估方面，本研究發現，若有機族群連續食用30年有機食品，B肝帶原者Aflatoxins最高致癌風險大於1×10-6，而非B肝帶原者風險則小於1×10-6。分年齡層探討發現，B肝帶原比例較小（1.9%）之20歲以下族群，因食入有機食品所貢獻之致肝癌風險值在可接受範圍內（1×10-6），而帶原比例高（9.8~21.9％）之20歲以上族群，各年齡層因食入八大類有機食品所貢獻之Aflatoxins最高風險值則是大於1×10-6，而Ochratoxin A 因未檢測出，固無明顯之慢性非致癌風險。
　　研究結果發現有機五穀雜糧類Aflatoxins污染情形比蔬果類嚴重，90個樣本中，多數樣本被檢測出的為對於人體LD50大，毒性效應較低之Aflatoxins (B2、G1、G2)，但若持續且長期食用受黴菌毒素污染之有機食品，B肝帶原者及20歲以上之族群還是可能有淺在罹患肝癌的風險，而有B肝抗體及帶原比例小之20歲以下族群致癌風險則相對地較低，風險值落於可接受範圍。從研究的資料顯示並非強調天然的有機食品就完全無任何汙染，因為食品還是有可能因為儲存條件不加而受黴菌毒素污染。過去認證標章主要是認證食品中有無農藥殘留，認證應將黴菌毒素列為檢驗之項目，這不但能確保食品在品保品管方面讓人安心無虞亦能保障國人健康，希望本研究結果能做為未來有機食品規範、準則訂定之參考依據。

　　Organic foods are generally defined as pesticide-free agricultural products with no artificial treatment, and being taken in their fresh forms without cooking. People who claim to engage in macrobiotic diet tend to consume multi-grains, vegetables, fruits and nuts in their fresh, uncooked forms. Without application of pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics, or hormones, organic produce is likely to be contaminated by environmental micorbes during the storage and transportation. Situating in a typical subtropical climate, Taiwan offers an optimal condition to facilitate active mold growth in many media. Mycotoxins, common bio-product of microbial contamination in organic foods, therefore become a major health concern for population adopting dietary pattern of mainly organic products in Taiwan.
　　Previous studies have observed a significant presence of environmental microbes in Taiwan, and this investigation aimed to analyze, by HPLC-Flu, levels of Afatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2) and Ochratoxin A in a total 90 food samples, including multi-grains, starchs , nuts, fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, beans and sprouts collected from northern, central, eastern and southern Taiwan. Questionnaires were distributed to people who regularly purchase the organic foods from the registered stores for the preliminary estimate of health risk associated with such a dietary habit.
　　A total of 229 valid questionnaires of dietary habit were obtained from 4 city/counties across different parts of Taiwan. Results indicate that the major items in their purchase/consumption list were grain rice and fruits, especially brown rice and apple. Only 7% of all samples analyzed could be detected with presence of Aflatoxin B1, and a small 2% of samples were detected with mycotoxin level greater than the proposed standard. Afatoxins level as high as 5.7ppb has been found in sample from millets of southern Taiwan, a level greater than the proposed Euro standard of 4ppb, while another 13.14 ppb sample was found in black bean sample from eastern Taiwan, exceeding the China standard of 5ppb. Ochratoxin A has not been identified in any food items analyzed in this study. Risk assessment calculated for the Hepatitis B carriers and >20 year-old groups of organic-foods consumers that eat organic foods over 30 years have increased risk of cancer, and healthy population and <20 year-old group does not present any immediate risk based on the dietary patterns interviewed.
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