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研究生： 廖宜靖
Liao, Yi-Chin
論文名稱： 新型雙離子材料作為陰極修飾層應用於高效率高分子發光二極體及太陽能電池
Novel Zwitterionic Molecules as Cathode Modification Layers toward Highly Efficient Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes and Solar Cells
指導教授： 溫添進
Wen, Ten-Chin
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 93
中文關鍵詞： 高分子發光二極體 、高分子太陽能電池 、三辛烷基硫代甜菜鹼 、電子注入 、電子萃取
外文關鍵詞： polymer light-emitting diode, polymer solar cell, trioctylsulfobetaine, electron injection/extraction
相關次數： 點閱：64  下載：2 
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    • 本論文利用不同烷鏈長的新型雙離子分子，如三辛烷基硫代甜菜鹼(TOS)、三正十二烷基硫代甜菜鹼(TDS)等，作為光電元件之陰極修飾層，以溶液製程製作高效率高分子發光二極體(PLED)及太陽能電池(PSC)。
    第一部份使用TOS作為PLED之電子注入層，並和小分子溴化四辛基銨(TOAB)比較，當以G-PF為發光層、鋁為電極時，和對照組TOAB/Al及Ca/Al元件相比，在7.0 V及2000 cd m-2下可以得到更高亮度及發光效率。因為TOS除了本身帶有分子偶極外，還會與鋁金屬交互作用產生界面偶極，增加電子注入能力，提升元件效能，使用XPS、UPS和KPFM證明其機制。為了解決TOAB在高溫不穩定的問題，以其結構為參考設計了小分子TOS，並以元件結果證明其熱穩定性，於高溫下仍保持效能。
    為了展現雙離子小分子的多用性，在第二部分中作為PSC之電子萃取層，分析不同烷鏈長度的雙離子分子的電子萃取能力，發現同樣是TOS有最高的電子流密度。於是將TOS製作元件，當以PTB7-Th:PC71BM為主動層、鋁為電極時，功率轉換效率最高可達9.84% (PCEavg: 9.70%)，和Ca/Al元件(PCEavg: 6.84%)相比，效率有42%的提升。

    This work demonstrated highly efficient Polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) and polymer solar cells (PSCs) with a series of novel zwitterionic molecules, including trioctylsulfobetaine (TOS), tridodecylsulfobetaine (TDS), and etc. as solution-processed interfacial layers. The TOS device was compared with the device using an effective electron injection material, tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB). The PLED device with the TOS/Al cathode showed the higher luminance (77535 cd m-2) and luminance efficiency (13.7 cd A-1) than that with TOAB/Al (52570 cd m-2, 11.8 cd A-1) and Ca/Al cathodes (38543 cd m-2, 5.0 cd A-1). The mechanism was proved by UPS and SKPM analysis. The temperature effect of both TOS and TOAB were studied through devices results , and showed that the device with TOS/Al cathodes still maintain high performance, while the TOAB/Al device decreased dramatically when increased to 100°C. Apart from the enhanced electron injection via TOS, TOS significantly improved the electron extraction and rendered the PSC device based on the active layer of PTB7-Th:PC71BM the high PCE of 9.84% (PCEavg: 9.70%). The PCE enhancement was 42%, compared to the Ca/Al device (PCEavg: 6.84%). This study provides a simple method to fabricate high performance PLEDs and PSCs by solution processing.

    摘要 I Extended Abstract II 誌謝 VII 目錄 IX 表目錄 XIII 圖目錄 XIV 符號與縮寫 XVIII 符號 XVIII 縮寫 XIX 第一章 緒論 1 1-1. 前言 1 1-2. 高分子發光二極體與太陽能電池之簡介 4 1-2-1. 發光二極體之材料發展及工作原理 4 1-2-2. 太陽能電池之材料發展及光電轉換原理 9 1-2-3. 發光二極體與太陽能電池之結構發展 13 1-3. 陰極修飾層之發展簡介 18 1-3-1. 金屬離子化合物 19 1-3-2. 有機高分子材料 20 1-3-3. 共軛聚電解質 21 1-3-4. 雙離子型共軛聚電解質 25 1-3-5. 有機小分子材料 28 1-3-6. 雙離子型小分子材料 31 1-4. 研究動機 33 第二章 新型雙離子材料作為電子注入層於高分子發光二極體之研究 35 2-1. 前言 35 2-2. 實驗部份 36 2-2-1. 藥品與材料來源 36 2-2-2. 雙離子材料之合成 37 2-2-3. 元件組裝與特性量測 42 2-2-4. 開路電壓之量測 45 2-2-5. 載子注入能力之量測 45 2-2-6. 光激發螢光圖譜之量測 46 2-2-7. 表面電位顯微鏡之量測 46 2-2-8. Ｘ光與紫外光光電子能譜之分析 47 2-3. 結果與討論 48 2-3-1. 三辛基硫代甜菜鹼之濃度對元件的影響 48 2-3-2. 雙離子烷鏈長度對元件的影響 54 2-3-3. 電子注入層加熱溫度對元件的影響 56 2-3-4. 不同陰極金屬對元件的影響 58 2-3-5. 三辛基硫代甜菜鹼之機制探討 60 2-4. 結論 67 第三章 新型雙離子材料作為電子萃取層於高分子太陽能電池之研究 69 3-1. 前言 69 3-2. 實驗部份 70 3-2-1. 藥品與材料來源 70 3-2-2. 雙離子材料之合成 71 3-2-3. 元件組裝與特性量測 72 3-2-4. 載子萃取能力之量測 75 3-2-5. 光激發螢光圖譜之量測 76 3-2-6. 原子力顯微鏡之量測 76 3-3. 結果與討論 77 3-3-1. 載子萃取能力之分析 77 3-3-2. 三辛基硫代甜菜鹼之濃度對元件的影響 78 3-3-3. 光激發螢光圖譜分析 82 3-3-4. 雙離子烷鏈長度對元件的影響 84 3-3-5. 電子萃取層對表面形貌的影響 86 3-4. 結論 87 第四章 總結與建議 88 4-1. 總結 88 4-2. 未來發展與工作建議 89 參考文獻 90

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