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研究生：	馬米逹 Marvinanda, Wahyu Kusuma
論文名稱：	交聯型聚醯亞胺/聚二氟乙烯混摻之合成與其於直接甲醇燃料電池質子傳導膜之應用 Synthesis and Proton-Conducting Properties of Cross-Linked Polyimide/PVDF Blending for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application
指導教授：	郭炳林 Kuo, Ping-Lin
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年：	2010
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	110
中文關鍵詞：	質子交換膜、聚醯亞胺、聚二氟乙烯、聚矽氧烷
外文關鍵詞：	proton exchange membranes, polyimide, poly(vinylidene fluoride), polysiloxane.
相關次數：	點閱：87 下載：0
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本實驗首先利用AESA-Na與SMA-1000進行加成反應，接著加入 polysiloxane 進行交聯反應，混摻不同比例之聚二氟乙烯，製備出一系列新型的聚醯亞胺/聚二氟乙烯之質子交換膜。聚二氟乙烯因具有優越的化學及物理性質，所以本實驗選用聚二氟乙烯來混摻以SMA-1000為主體的聚醯亞胺，並藉由FTIR, XRD, DSC的測試來探討其相容性；此外混摻聚二氟乙烯會改變聚醯亞胺基材的微相結構，進而改變其質子傳遞通道，藉由Solid state 23Na可觀察薄膜中離子團簇的聚集。此外也探討混摻不同比例之聚二氟乙烯對薄膜特性所造成的影響，隨著聚二氟乙烯含量的增加，甲醇穿透及含水率會隨之降低；在30 oC時，混摻5 wt%聚二氟乙烯之質子交換膜擁有最高的質子傳導度，為5.22 x 10-2 Scm-1，與Nafion-117 相近(5.48 x 10-2 Scm-1)。

A new blend system consisting of an amorphous polyimide (PI) and the semi-crystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was investigated for proton exchange membranes (PEM). SMA-1000-based Polyimide (PI) was prepared by cross-linking with polysiloxane and grafting AESA-Na as proton carrier through imide linkage. Because of the excellent chemical and physical properties of PVDF, the SMA-1000-based PI was blended with PVDF. And the miscibility behavior of developed PI system and PVDF at various weight ratios was studied by FTIR, XRD and DSC. Furthermore, it was found that the introduction of PVDF into the PI matrix could alter the morphological structure of the blend membranes, which led to the formation of improved connectivity channels. Solid state 23Na NMR displayed all the ionic functionalities aggregate throughout the membrane. The effect of PVDF content on membrane properties was investigated, for example, the methanol permeability and water content of blend membrane decreased with increasing PVDF content. And, it also found that the conductivity of the blend membrane containing 5 wt% PVDF displayed the highest proton conductivity (5.22 x 10-2 Scm-1) at 30oC, which is comparable to the proton conductivity of Nafion-117 (5.48 x 10-2 Scm-1).

ABSTRACT.................................................i
摘要......................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..........................................iii
CONTENTS.................................................v
LIST OF TABLES...........................................ix
LIST OF SCHEMES..........................................x
LIST OF FIGURES..........................................xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION...................................1
1 Background of Fuel Cell Development..................1
2 Type of Fuel Cells...................................3
2.1  Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell................5
2.2  Direct Methanol Fuel Cell.........................7
3 Proton Exchange Membrane.............................9
3.1 Functionalized sulfonic acid of hydrocarbon type proton exchange membranes................................14
3.2  Organic-inorganic hybrid membranes................15
4 Applications of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells...........17
4.1 Transportation Applications........................17
4.2 Stationary Applications............................18
4.3 Portable Power Applications........................18
5 Research Motivation..................................19
CHAPTER II THEOREMS......................................22
1 Basic Principle of Fuel Cell.........................22
2 Transport properties of PEM..........................26
3 Parameters of Proton Exchange Membranes..............27
4 Water Management in the Membrane ....................30
5 Proton Exchange Membranes for DMFCs .................32
5.1 PEMs Based on Poly(imide)s.........................32
5.2 Silicone-Based Polymers............................33
5.3 PEMs based on Blends Membrane......................35
6 Alternating current impedance spectroscopy...........38
6.1 Introduction of fundamental electrical circuits....38
6.2 Analysis of AC impedance...........................40
7 Imidization..........................................43
8 Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance...............49
CHAPTER III EXPERIMENTAL SECTION.........................52
1 Materials............................................52
2 Sample Preparation...................................53
2.1 Synthesis of AESA-Na...............................53
2.2 Synthesis of proton-conducting membranes...........53
3 Characterization and Measurements....................54
3.1 Degree of Imidization..............................54
3.2 ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy..............................55
3.3 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)............................55
3.4 Thermal Analysis...................................56
3.5 Ion Exchange Capacity..............................56
3.6 Water Content......................................57
3.7 State of Water.....................................57
3.8 Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR).......57
3.9 Atomic Force Microcopy (AFM).......................58
3.10 Proton Conductivity...............................59
3.11 Mechanical strength...............................60
3.12 Oxidative stability...............................60
3.13 Methanol Permeability.............................60
3.14 Preparation of Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA)..61
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION........................63
1 Synthesis and Characterization of Proton-Conducting Membranes................................................63
2 Degree of Imidization................................64
3 ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy ...............................66
4 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)..............................71
5 Thermal Analysis.....................................72
5.1 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)...................72
5.2 Differential Scanning Calorymetry (DSC)............74
6 Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC)..........................76
7 Water Content........................................78
8 State of Water.......................................79
9 Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance...............82
10 Atomic Force Microcopy (AFM)........................86
11 Proton Conductivity.................................88
12 Mechanical Strength.................................91
13 Oxidative Stability.................................93
14 Methanol Permeability...............................94
15 Single Cell Performance.............................97
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION.....................................99
REFERENCES...............................................100
CURRICULUM VITAE.........................................111




                                    

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