目的：本研究目的在探討注意力缺失/過動疾患-不注意型(ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type，ADHD-I)與合併型(ADHD Combined Type，ADHD-C)於多向度注意力評估表現上之差異。了解該兩亞型兒童在注意力運作機制上的缺損，期能對該疾患的病理機制與認知復健訓練有進一步貢獻。
方法：經醫師確定診斷為ADHD-I的兒童41名和ADHD-C兒童40名，兩組之智力分數與家庭社經地位相當。以廣泛性非語文注意力測驗(Comprehensive Non-verbal Attention Test Battery, CNAT)為衡鑑工具，此工具具有多層次、多向度的指標。
結果：和常模相較，ADHD-C和ADHD-I在CNAT不同的分測驗上分別呈現出多項不同類型的錯誤。針對反應正確率達75%以上的分測驗討論反應時間，結果發現ADHD-C和ADHD-I僅在轉逆原則分測驗上的反應時間呈現缺損。而兩亞型相比，ADHD-C在集中、搜尋、與抑制性注意力等分測驗的衝動錯誤、集中注意力的漏失錯誤、轉逆原則的違反錯誤等指標上均較ADHD-I表現差，而ADHD-I唯在搜尋注意力的遲緩錯誤數高於ADHD-C。
討論：結果顯示正常智力的ADHD-C組在注意力缺損面向較ADHD-I來得廣，涵蓋Cohen所提到的知覺選擇、注意力持續、注意力資源、以及反應選擇之四面向。而ADHD-I特別呈現在go/no-go典範分測驗的衝動錯誤，和相較於ADHD-C有較多遲緩錯誤的問題，顯示其偏失於注意力的持續和反應的選擇。這些發現有助於未來為各亞型患者建立個別化的認知復健計畫。

Objective: This study represents the difference of attention problems between the subtypes of Attention-Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) from the neuropsychological view. And this will be helpful to assist designing neurocognitive rehabilitation program for ADHD subtypes.
Methods: Participants grouped by diagnosis, 40 ADHD-C and 41ADHD-I. There were no significant statistical differences in IQ scores, and social economic status between subtypes. A neuropsychological examination, comprehensive non-verbal attention test battery (CNAT), was performed on each participant.
Results: Compared with normal children, ADHD-C and ADHD-I had different error pattern in every subtest. Furthermore, analyzing the reaction time of subtests while the correct reaction rate up to 75% finds ADHD-C and ADHD-I only shows deficit in principle reverse task. Compared ADHD-I, ADHD-C showed more impulse errors, missing errors, and commission errors in many subtest. Nevertheless, ADHD-I had significantly more delayed errors in searching task than ADHD-C.
Conclusion: The result indicated that ADHD-C with average IQ score had more deficits than ADHD-I with average IQ score in several attention components, including sensory selection, sustained attention, attention resource, and response selection according to Cohen’s attention model. While ADHD-I had deficit in sustain attention and response selection. These findings would be helpful in designing individualized cognitive rehabilitation program for two subtypes.

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