很多研究證明了當材料縮小到奈米等級時，這些材料會出現一些奇特的特性像是高載子傳遞和光學性質，這些奇特的特性將顛覆我們對這世界的認知。然而奈米等級的世界實在是太迷你而不是我們可以掌握的，所以如何把材料在奈米等級時的性質放大到我們所存在的巨觀世界將是一個大挑戰。有很多方法可以製造出奈米結構像是電子束微影和掃描探針微影，但是這些方法並不夠有效率，像是需要一些複雜的步驟像是塗布感光材料、蝕刻、顯影等，一些新的儀器需要備採用，像是掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、掃描式穿隧電子顯微鏡等(STM)，也有很多方法堆疊奈米粒子，但是無法維持材料在奈米等級時的性質。這篇論文我們發表了一個既有效率，又經濟的方法叫做”fold, release and repeat”，重點是相當簡單。我們只重複了七次實驗就把一個我們製造的微米等級單位晶胞疊加到128層。單位晶胞的概念是我們可以利用各種奈米材料設計一個我們想要的功能性單元，再將此晶胞疊加到數萬倍甚至數十萬倍。因為我們做出來的材料為層狀結構，只要經過適當的設計將可以應用在製作光柵，過去人們製作光柵的方式也跟製作奈米結構時一樣較麻煩且沒有效率，我們可以用我們的方法設計我們自己的光柵。根據光柵實驗，我們做出來的樣品真的表現出光柵的特性呈現週期性的訊號。根據光柵的理論也可以計算出各單位晶胞的間距相互應證。”Fold, release and repeat” 將顛覆傳統製造奈米結構和光柵的方法，而未來我們將會將此方法應用在疊加石墨烯。

Many researches prove that when the particle reduces to nanoscale, there are exotic properties such as high carrier mobility or optical properties, and these special properties are going to subversion our knowledge of this world. However, the nanoscale world is too small to handle, so it is a big challenge that how to make the properties of nano amplified to our macroscopic world. There are many ways for nanofabrication such as e-beam lithography and scanning probe lithography, but these ways not efficient enough because the complicate procedure such as patterning, etching and developing. Some novel equipments should be adapted such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). There are also methods to make assembly of nanoparticles, but the nanoscale properties are not able to maintain. In this thesis, we present an efficient and economic approach called “fold, release and repeat”, and it is very easy to handle. We only repeated 7 times of our method, and we got 128 layers of designed unit cell. The concept of unit cell is that we can use different nanomaterials to design a functional unit cell, and assemble them into thousands and millions times. Because the sample we made is periodic and layer by layer structure, we can apply our method to grating fabrication during some design. Just like the nanofabrication, those ways to fabricate gratings are also not efficient and more complicate. Our approach can easily make a grating. According to grating equation, our samples really show the property of gating and have periodic signal. We also can calculate the spacing between the neighbor unit cells by grating theory, and prove our sample really a grating again. “Fold, release and repeat” is going to subversion the traditional approaches for nano and grating fabrication. We will apply graphene to be one of the unit cell in the future.

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