1999年，美國食品與藥物管理局，簡稱FDA，提出「鼻藥噴劑（Nasal aerosols）與噴霧劑（Nasal sprays）局部作用之藥劑生體可用率與生體相等性」的評估基準。就個體藥劑生體相等性（individual bioequivalence）而言， FDA針對平行設計之體外試驗所得非曲線型資料提出95%信賴上限方法作為判定生體相等性的準則。該方法是由Hyslop, Hsuan 和 Holder於2000年所提出的統計檢定方法，在2001年時FDA提出此方法亦可利用在藥劑族群生體相等性方面。本論文中，利用假設中測度量之P-值評估體外試驗非曲線型資料的生體相等性，並且與Hyslop等人於2000年所提出之檢定方法，在一定的顯著水準下，比較檢定力的大小，另外，再給定之檢定力之下決定樣本大小。最後利用各種樣本數及參數下之模擬資料，以經驗型I誤差（empirical size）和經驗檢定力（empirical power）來證實以P-值對生體相等性做檢定較Hyslop等人所提出之檢定方法佳。

In 1999, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration（FDA）issue a graft guidance on Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies for Nasal Aerosols and Nasal Sprays for Local Action. For individual bioequivalence（IBE）, the FDA provided a method of determining an upper 95﹪confidence limit for in vitro bioequivalence data based on nonprofile analyses using parallel designs. This method was based on statistic test procedure proposed by Hyslop, Hsuan and Holder（2000）and the same method is also recommended in FDA 2001 guidance for assessment of population bioequivalence（PBE）. In this paper, we provide a P-value method to assess in-vitro nonprofile bioequivalence and compare this method with the test procedure of Hyslop et al. （2000）. Sample size determination for bioequivalence test is also proposed. Empirical size and empirical power from simulation results are provided to examine the performance between the P-value method and Hyslop, Hsuan and Holder’s procedure.

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