研究背景
骨質疏鬆症是一種骨骼強度漸進脆弱而增加骨折風險的老化相關疾病，影響社會和醫療負擔。運動能改善長者身體表現，降低跌倒風險，是預防骨鬆性骨折的重要介入，而平衡、阻力與多成分訓練有較多證據。敏捷性運動是一種整合有氧、肌力、平衡和認知的功能性任務訓練，近年來被提及於預防老年跌倒，然而國內外對其在骨質疏鬆症介入之成效或實用性研究仍較有限。
研究動機
敏捷性運動是注重靜態和動態平衡的多成分訓練，可能是骨質疏鬆症一種有趣且省時的跌倒預防計劃。本研究想以停經後骨鬆症婦女為例，探討敏捷運動訓練對身體功能和平衡穩定性的益處，並與阻力運動進行比較。同時評估敏捷性訓練的安全性，或可為社區防跌倒計畫提供參考。
研究目的
比較敏捷性運動和阻力運動對停經後骨質疏鬆症之身體表現和平衡穩定度之影響。
研究方法
本研究採準實驗設計方法，招募社區停經後骨鬆症婦女51位(平均年齡68.0 ± 6.3歲)以立意取樣分組為敏捷訓練組、阻力訓練組及對照組，所有受試者均接受骨鬆症常規教育指導，敏捷運動訓練組和阻力運動訓練組分別額外參加每週1次，每次2小時，為期12週之介入課程。主要觀察結果為身體表現（手臂屈舉、握力、起坐測試、走路速度、行走測試和單腳站立）及平衡穩定度(改良版臨床感覺統合與平衡測試)之變化。統計分析介入前、後之組內和組間結果變化，並以線性回歸及廣義估計方程式分析組間差異，控制共變數(年齡、 身體質量指數、四肢骨骼肌量)，統計檢定顯著差異水準為p值<0.05。
結果
因個人因素中斷或資料遺缺流失22位，完成者29位(平均年齡67.4 ± 6.5歲)進入分析，除共病指標，完成者與流失者之基本特徵比較無明顯差異。敏捷訓練組(12位)、阻力訓練組(9位)及對照組(8位)之基本特徵無達顯著差異；經12週介入，敏捷組與阻力組均能提升部分身體表現，顯著優於對照組，但兩組之間相比較未達顯著差異；而在平衡穩定度，僅敏捷訓練組的變化量(%)有顯著提升(-16.5，95%信賴區間:-22.4~-11.3,p=0.002)，線性回歸分析顯示敏捷訓練組與阻力訓練組的平衡穩定度綜合分數之變化量差異為-14.5%(95%信賴區間:-25.8~-3.3,p=0.015)，效應值為0.319；廣義估計方程式分析亦顯示敏捷訓練組與阻力訓練組的介入變化存在顯著差異(exp B:0.82，95%信賴區間:0.721~0.932；p=0.002)。
結論
敏捷性運動和阻力運動對停經後骨鬆症婦女的身體表現效益相當；在平衡穩定度，敏捷性運動有較佳的效果，支持了敏捷性運動對平衡的重要性，或可做為停經後骨鬆防跌及預防骨折之介入參考。

Osteoporosis is an age-related disease that increases fracture risk and healthcare burdens. Exercise can improve physical performance and reduce fall risk, making it crucial for preventing osteoporotic fractures. This study aimed to compare the effects of agility and resistance exercises on physical performance and balance stability in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. A quasi-experimental design involved completed 29 postmenopausal women (mean age 67.4 ± 6.5 years), divided into agility training, resistance training, and control groups. Both training groups participated in a 2-hour session weekly for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes measured were physical performance and balance stability. Results showed that both agility and resistance training improved physical performance, but only agility training significantly improved balance stability. The agility training group's balance stability improved by -16.5% (95% CI: -22.4 to -11.3, p=0.002). Comparisons between the two groups indicated a -14.5% difference in balance stability improvement (95% CI: -25.8 to -3.3, p=0.015). Conclusions suggest that while both exercises benefit physical performance, agility training offers superior balance stability improvements, making it a valuable intervention for fall and fracture prevention in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

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