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研究生: 陳怡欣
Chen, Yi-Shin
論文名稱: 染料摻雜液晶之雙光效應對相變溫度影響之研究及其應用
Studies of Biphotonic Effect on Phase transition of Dye-doped Liquid Crystals and Their Applications
指導教授: 傅永貴
Fuh, Y.G. Andy
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 物理學系
Department of Physics
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 115
中文關鍵詞: 光致異構化膽固醇液晶相變溫度光切換布拉格反射偶氮苯化合物
外文關鍵詞: cholesteric liquid crystals, Azo-dye, clearing point, photo-isomerization, phase transition
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  • 本論文主要利用偶氮苯化合物Azo-C5的光致同素異構化反應,擾動液晶分子的排列秩序造成液晶相變溫度改變。由於光致異構化為可逆反應,故利用兩道不同波長的光可使染料分子在兩種狀態間轉換,並且此雙光效應具有高度的重現性。
    實際應用上,本論文分成兩大部分,首先我們將Azo-C5摻雜於向列型液晶中,並利用這個機制成功地製作出可光開關之一維液晶TN光柵及光寫入並可覆寫式TN顯示器。
    第二部份將Azo-C5摻雜於膽固醇液晶中,由於膽固醇液晶結構具有雙穩態特性,於是光致異構化反應不只造成摻雜Azo-C5膽固醇液晶膜的相變溫度改變,亦產生了其反射頻譜的橫移現象,在不同溫度下更存在著三種液晶結構。我們詳細的探討出三種液晶狀態間的光切換機制,並且成功地利用過飽合對掌性分子摻雜之膽固醇液晶,在室溫下使反射頻譜達到300 nm的橫移範圍,最後將上述機制實際應用於光寫入可覆寫式膽固醇液晶顯示器。

    This thesis studies the photo-isomerization effect in liquid crystal films doped with azobenzene derivatives, azo-C5, and investigates the disturbance of the order of liquid crystal (LC) molecules which is associated with the change of clearing point with the dye doping. Because the photo-isomerization is reversible, it allows us to switch the shape of dye-molecule between trans- and cis- states using two pump beams with different wavelength. This phenomenon is also called “biphotonic effect” and is highly repeatable.
    Experiments on the biphotonic effect with the use of doping azo-C5 in LCs are divided into two parts. The first part is experimenting the doping of azo-C5 in nematic LCs. We have successfully fabricated a photo-switchable, one-dimensional twist-nematic (TN) grating and a photo-rewritable TN-display, using this biphotonic effect.
    The second part investigates the doping effect of azo-C5 in cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs). Since the textures of CLCs are bistable, the photo-isomerization of azo-C5 causes not only the change of clearing point of a CLC film doped with azo-C5, but also the shift of reflection band in the planar texture. More over, the dye-doped CLCs (DDCLCs) possess three structures at different temperatures. The photo-switchable mechanism between the three structures – isotropic, planar and focal conic states are systematically investigated. Using the supersaturated DDCLCs, we can achieve to shift the reflection band of 300 nm at room temperature. Finally, a photo-rewritable CLC display using such a mechanism is demonstrated.

    中文摘要……………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要……………………………………………………………Ⅱ 目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 圖錄………………………………………………………………ⅤⅢ 表錄………………………………………………………………ⅩⅣ 符號………………………………………………………………ⅩⅤ 第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………1 § 1 – 1 前言………………………………………………………1 § 1 – 2 動機………………………………………………………1 § 1 – 3 導讀………………………………………………………2 第二章 液晶簡介……………………………………………………4 § 2 – 1 何謂液晶…………………………………………………4 § 2 – 2 液晶的分類………………………………………………5 2 – 2 . 1 向列相…………………………………………………7 2 – 2 . 2 膽固醇相………………………………………………9 2 – 2 . 3 近晶相 ………………………………………………11 2 – 2 . 4 圓盤型液晶 …………………………………………14 2 – 2 . 5 高分子液晶 …………………………………………15 § 2 – 3 液晶的物理特性 ………………………………………17 2 – 3 . 1 折射率異向性(Δn)………………………………17 2 – 3 . 2 介電常數異向性(Δε) …………………………20 2 – 3 . 3 彈性連續體理論 ……………………………………22 2 – 3 . 4 Fredericksz遷移 …………………………………23 2 – 3 . 5 溫度對秩序參數的影響 ……………………………25 第三章 論文相關理論 ……………………………………………26 § 3 – 1 膽固醇液晶的光學特性 ………………………………26 § 3 – 2 影響膽固醇液晶結構的因素 …………………………28 3 – 2 . 1 對掌性分子的濃度 …………………………………28 3 – 2 . 2 磁場 …………………………………………………29 3 – 2 . 3 電場 …………………………………………………30 § 3 – 3 光引致液晶分子轉向效應 ……………………………32 3 – 3 . 1 光電場效應 …………………………………………32 3 – 3 . 2 Jnossy模型…………………………………………33 3 – 3 . 3 Gibbons模型…………………………………………35 § 3 – 4 光致同素異構化反應 …………………………………36 3 – 4 . 1 光致熱效應 …………………………………………37 § 3 – 5光配向效應………………………………………………37 3 – 5 . 1 暗吸附效應 …………………………………………37 3 – 5 . 2 亮吸附效應 …………………………………………39 § 3 – 5 溝槽理論 ………………………………………………41 第四章 實驗準備與過程 …………………………………………42 § 4 – 1 材料介紹 ………………………………………………42 4 – 1 . 1 液晶E7 ………………………………………………42 4 – 1 . 2 液晶K15………………………………………………43 4 – 1 . 3 偶氮染料Azo-C5 ……………………………………44 4 – 1 . 4 偶氮染料Methyl Red ………………………………45 4 – 1 . 5 對掌性分子R1011……………………………………46 4 – 1 . 6 對掌性分子S811 ……………………………………46 § 4 – 2 樣品製作 ………………………………………………47 4 – 2 . 1 液晶試劑配製 ………………………………………47 4 – 2 . 2 玻璃基板表面配向 …………………………………48 4 – 2 . 3 空Cell製作 …………………………………………49 4 – 3 . 4 試劑填充 ……………………………………………50 § 4 – 3實驗原理…………………………………………………51 § 4 – 4 實驗架設 ………………………………………………52 4 – 4 . 1 DD-TNLCs的基本測量 ………………………………52 4 – 4 . 2 TN-grating製作與一階光開關的動態測量 ………53 4 – 4 . 3 DDCLCs穿透光譜測量 ………………………………54 4 – 4 . 4 DDCLCs狀態切換與動態測量 ………………………55 第五章 實驗結果與討論 § 5 – 1 Azo-C5摻雜向列型液晶在不同光照條件下的影響 …60 § 5 – 2 TN-grating光開關應用 ………………………………65 § 5 – 3 光寫入可覆寫式TN顯示器 ……………………………72 5 – 3 . 1不同光照條件對相變曲線的影響……………………72 5 – 3 . 2 TN顯示應用 …………………………………………73 § 5 – 4 染料摻雜膽固醇液晶的基本測量 ……………………76 5 – 4 . 1 液晶層厚度對相變曲線的影響 ……………………77 5 – 4 . 2 染料濃度對澄清點溫度的影響 ……………………79 § 5 – 5 雙光子效應對膽固醇液晶的螺距的影響 ……………80 5 – 5 . 1 反射波段橫移與材料參數的關係 …………………80 5 – 5 . 2大幅度光控膽固醇液晶反射波段橫移………………84 § 5 – 6 光切換式膽固醇液晶之研究與應用………………… 90 5 – 6 . 1不同光照對相變曲線的影響…………………………90 5 – 6 . 2 Planar – Focal conic……………………………92 5 – 6 . 3 Isotropic – Planar – Focal conic …………95 5 – 6 . 4 Isotropic – Focal conic………………………105 第六章 結論與未來展望 § 6 – 1 結論……………………………………………………109 § 6 – 2 未來展望………………………………………………111 參考文獻 …………………………………………………………113

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