根據世界衛生組織（World Health Organization，簡稱WHO）的資料顯示，每年有420萬人死於室外空氣污染，有380萬人死於室內空氣污染。歐盟執委會（European Commission）的2020年空氣品質報告（Air quality in Europe - 2020 report）表示，空氣污染是第二大的環境問題，並且是歐洲人過早死亡的原因之一。本研究分析了23個歐盟國家的有害氣體排放情況。本研究採用熵值法（Entropy Method）設計有害氣體排放指標，並利用Dynamic Undesirable SBM DEA模型來分析2014年至2018年歐盟23個國家的有害氣體排放效率及能源消費效率。研究結果顯示：（1）在2014年至2018年期間，奧地利、丹麥、希臘、愛爾蘭、盧森堡、瑞典及英國的可再生能源消費效率、不可再生能源消費效率及有害氣體排放效率在23個國家中名列前茅。不過大部分國家的可再生能源消費效率極低，歐盟需要更積極推動可再生能源的運用。（2）各國的可再生能源消費效率及各國的有害氣體排放效率差異很大，這代表各國的能源轉型程度及有害氣體減排能力差異很大，因此，許多國家仍需要進行能源轉型來減少有害氣體的排放。

According to the WHO (World Health Organization) 4.2 million people die from outdoor air pollution, and 3.8 million people die from household air pollution every year. The European Commission (Air quality in Europe - 2020 report) stated that air pollution is the second biggest environmental concern and is responsible for premature deaths in Europe. This study analyzes the emissions of atmospheric pollutants in 23 EU countries from 2014 to 2018 and employs the entropy method to design an atmospheric pollutants emission indicator. Finally, use Dynamic Undesirable SBM DEA model to analyze the atmospheric pollutant emission efficiency and energy consumption efficiency. The research results are as follows: (1) The renewable energy consumption efficiency, non-renewable energy consumption efficiency, and atmospheric pollutants emission efficiency of Austria, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Sweden, and the United Kingdom were the best among all of the countries under consideration. (2) The renewable energy consumption efficiency of each country and the atmospheric pollutant emissions efficiency of each country differed greatly.
After evaluating the renewable energy consumption efficiency, non-renewable energy consumption efficiency, and atmospheric pollutant emissions efficiency of 23 countries from 2014 to 2018, the research conclusions are as follows:(1) In terms of overall efficiency value, there was a big between-country gap. (2) Non-renewable energy consumption in most countries was more efficient than renewable energy consumption. The renewable energy consumption efficiency values for most countries was found to be very low, and it was shown that the EU needs to promote the use of renewable energy. (3) There were significant between-country differences in degree of energy transition and the ability to reduce atmospheric pollutant emissions.

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第二節 網路資料
1. European Commission online information
https://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/index_en.htm
2. European Commission Air quality in Europe - 2020 report
https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/air-quality-in-europe-2020-report
3. EU 2013 Clean Air Policy Package
https://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/clean_air/index.htm
4. Eurostat Energy saving statistics:
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Energy_saving_statistics#Final_energy_consumption_and_distance_to_2020_and_2030_targets
5. WHO online publication, Air pollution: effects on your body
https://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/air-quality-and-health