目的:本研究目的使用工作記憶S1-S2 paradigm認知作業來比較單次高強度間歇運動與中強度連續有氧運動對於中老年人的認知行為與認知電生理表現差異。
方法:研究參與者為18名56~67歲的中老年人，分別在不同天(間隔7天)進行單次高強度間歇運動、中強度連續有氧運動與安靜休息，兩種運動介入將騎乘30分鐘的斜背式腳踏車，三種介入模式前後均執行S1-S2 paradigm認知作業，並同時收錄行為與腦波數據。統計分析以重複量數變異數分析行為表現(反應時間、準確率)與事件相關電位(P3成分波潛時和振幅)，顯著水準訂為p < .05。結果:本研究發現準確率僅在中強度連續有氧運動介入後顯著改善；反應時間在高強度間歇運動與中強度連續有氧運動後皆顯著的變快；P3振幅也在高強度間歇運動與中強度連續有氧運動後顯著的增加；P3潛時則無任何顯著改變。結論:雖然僅有中強度連續有氧運動能提升中老年人工作記憶表現的正確率，在高強度間歇運動與中強度連續有氧運動介入後，均能促進工作記憶在檢索階段刺激評估的速度，以及引起更多的注意力資源徵召。因此，未來中老年人可採用這兩種運動模式來預防工作記憶力退化的問題。

關鍵詞：單次運動、工作記憶、事件相關電位、高強度間歇運動、有氧運動

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) versus moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on the behavioral and cognitive electrophysiological performance in the middle-aged and elder adults when performing the S1-S2 paradigm cognitive task of working memory. Methods: Eighteen participants aged 56-67 years (60.8 ± 3.4) performed a cognitive task before and after (1) HIIE, (2) MICE, and (3) resting control sessions. A 30-min stationary cycling was selected in the HIIE and MICE sessions as an aerobic exercise intervention mode. Immediately before and after each session, the participants were asked to perform a working memory test with a S1-S2 paradigm to assess the acute exercise effects on working memory. The behavior and event-related potentials (ERPs) indices were recorded simultaneously. Result: Our results revealed that, although accuracy rates were significantly increased only via the MICE intervention mode, decreased reaction times and larger ERP P3 amplitudes were obesrved after a signle bout of HIIE and MICE interventions. The P3 latencies were not significantly changed after the three interventions. Conclusions: A single bout of HIIE and MICE interventions can improve stimulus evaluation speed in the retrieval phase of working memory and allocating more attention resource. The two aerobic exercise modes could prevent age-related declines in working memory.

Keywords : acute exercise, working memory, high-intensity interval exercise, event-related potentials(ERPs), aerobic exercise

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