隨著國際情勢日增嚴峻，軍隊戰力的提昇與維持是各國一大課題，而最基本的體能訓練刻不容緩，因為軍隊的體力是國軍戰力致關重要的一環。2018年美國陸軍推出名為「美國陸軍戰鬥體適能檢測」 (Army Combat Fitness Test, ACFT) 的新式體適能檢測，該檢測項目及強度有別於過去軍隊傳統的體適能檢測，在測驗形式上與實際作戰動作相結合，受到世界各國高度的重視。
研究目的：分析ACFT與實際執行作戰任務的關聯性，並探討美國陸軍在推動新式測驗制度所面臨的問題。
研究方法：採用文獻回顧研究方法透過關鍵字搜尋相關學術期刊、報告及書籍進行相關文獻系統化篩選，蒐集文獻資料進行整理與分析。
研究結論：根據文獻回顧發現ACFT項目與實際作戰動作有高度的關聯性，生理指標及身體組成與性別差異影響ACFT的成績表現，此外運用多元的訓練方式與傳統的軍事體能訓練均有顯著的進步成效。

With the increasingly tense of international relationship, the physical training of military becomes one of the important issues for every country. In 2018, the U.S. Army launched a new physical fitness test, U.S Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT). The test items and intensity are different from previous physical fitness tests, combined with actual combat movements, and highly valued by countries around the world.
Objectives: To understand the relevance of the ACFT to actual combat missions, and to explore the problems faced by the U.S. Army while promoting this new test system.
Research Methods: Literature review research method was used to systematically screen relevant literature by keywords searching among academic journals, reports and books, and collect literature data for sorting and analysis.
Conclusions: According to the current literature review, the combat physical fitness of the U.S. Army is highly correlated with actual combat actions. Physiological indicators, body composition, and gender differences affect ACFT performance, and the new multiple training methods show significant improvement results as compared to traditional military physical training.

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