本研究之目的為分析我國職業衛生績效並提出合適的改善策略。研究在結合選擇關鍵績效指標(Key performance indicators)、權重分配及定性分級方法後，建構職業衛生績效評估方法，作為我國職業衛生績效評估之基礎。研究採用SMART原理，分別由我國勞動檢查年報、勞動統計年報、我國「106年度我國職業衛生危害暴露監視與管理制度推動計畫」中之暴露監測與職業衛生現況查核資訊，分別建構成「職業衛生勞動檢查」 (Governmental occupational health labor inspection, GOHLI)、「勞工特殊健康檢查」 (Specific physical examination, SPE)、「暴露監測」 (Exposure monitoring, EM)、「職業衛生現況查核」 (Occupational health field survey, OHFS)等資料庫內容，分別選定KPIs，再利用層級分析法(Analytic hierarchy process, AHP)分配KPIs權重; 最後搭配定性分級之交通燈系統(Traffic lights system)彙整成一績效評估方法。所建構之績效評估方法，用以評估前述個資料庫之績效表現，並了解其歷年變化趨勢。經評估後，發現我國現有的資料庫GOHLI與SPE的歷年績效評估結果呈現負相關，代表職業衛生勞動檢查資料庫歷年之績效表現與勞工實際之健康檢查結果並不一致。另發現暴露監測(EM)與我國職業衛生現況查核(OHFS)具正相關(Pearson’r= 0.65; R2= 0.43)，可知OHFS之績效評估方法應可有效作為評估職業衛生績效之方法。GOHLI經以OHFS之評估方法評估之結果(GOHLI/OHFS)與GOHLI原評估結果具良好相關性(Pearson’r= 0.97; R2= 0.94)，代表OHFS與GOHLI之評估方法均可有效評估職業衛生績效。之後本研究將GOHLI/OHFS之績效評估結果與OHFS之結果相比較，發現前者之評估結果(91.82±3.27)顯著高於後者(76.47±16.33) (p< 0.01)，代表GOHLI歷年評估之績效與OHFS績效結果並不一致，且有高估之情形。經仔細檢視，發現GOHLI績效表現高估我國職業衛生實態，運用OHFS評估方法得知「工程控制」、「個人防護具」、「危害性化學品評估與管理」、「健康檢查與管理」等查核方向之KPIs，勞動檢查合格率都有高估之情形，其原因可能為勞動檢查人員經驗與專業能力不足，抑或僅實施形式檢查所致。另外，研究進一步檢視國內歷年推行之職業衛生重要施政措施，發現其措施對「危害性化學品評估與管理」、「個人防護具使用與配戴」與「工程控制」相關KPIs的落實程度不足。在改善策略的建立上，研究運用重要-績效分析法(Importance-performance analysis, IPA)，在權衡各KPIs之表現狀況，與對整體職業衛生的貢獻程度後，建議政府宜就「工程控制」、「個人防護具使用與配戴」、「危害性化學品評估與管理」等方向，對事業單位加強宣導以提升我國職業衛生整體績效表現。另一方面，我國勞動檢查機構亦應優先於強化檢查員「工程控制」、「個人防護具使用與配戴」及「危害性化學品標示與通識」等職能，並修正一往之檢查策略，以強化我國職業衛生勞動檢查效能。最後，本研究發現我國現有之職業衛生資料庫的績效表現有高估之情形外，所建構出之改善策略能有效改善我國整體職業衛生績效與強化勞動檢查效能，可供我國政府與事業單位提供合適的參考。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the national occupational health (OH) performance and to establish improvement strategies for the future. Currently available OH databases were selected for identifying their key performance indicators (KPIs). The SMART principle and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were applied to the above selected KPIs to evaluate the OH performance of different OH databases. Four OH databases were chosen from the present study, these include the Governmental occupational health labor inspection (GOHLI), Specific physical examination (SPE), Exposure monitoring (EM) and Occupational health field survey (OHFS). A negative association was found in their evaluated OH performance results of GOHLI and SPE, and a positive association between EM and OHFS results (Pearson’r= 0.65; R2= 0.43). Both GOHLI and OHFS can effectively evaluate OH performance, but the results of the former would result in overestimation. Some of the KPIs in GOHLI were associated with the overestimation, these KPIs were distributed in the Engineering control, Personal protective equipment, Chemical evaluation and management and Health management elements. Overestimations found in GOHLI were due to insufficient experience and expertise of labor inspectors, and adaptation of enterprises to governmental OH inspection content. By examining historical important OH policies and measures taken by the government, and using Importance-performance analysis (IPA), three insufficient implementation items were identified, including the in Chemical evaluation and management, Personal protective equipment, and Engineering control. To improve OH performance, the present study suggests the government should strengthen advocacy on the Engineering control, Personal protective equipment, and Chemical evaluation and management to enterprises. In addition, the present study also suggests three items for strengthening labor inspection, including the Engineering control, Personal protective equipment, and Labeling and hazard communication in order to urge enterprises to effectively enhance their OH performances. Recommendations given by the present study will be helpful for related governmental agencies and OH inspection agencies to urge enterprises for improving their OH performances.

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