研究目的：本研究主要以負向促發作業探討憂鬱症患者選擇性注意力功能，並瞭解在不同詞性干擾下對注意力抑制或記憶提取歷程的影響。研究方法：受試者為診斷處於憂鬱發作期之憂鬱症患者22名，配對正常受試者30名。實驗設計為干擾物（全中性、中性、正性與負性）本體重複，呈現時間為500毫秒，然後受試者以顏色線索配對目標物按鍵位置反應。研究結果：反應時間以無母數分析進行檢定，結果發現憂鬱組在全部情況下負向促發效果均下降，在全中性與正性情況出現正向促發現象。正常組在全中性情況出現負向促發效果，在正性、中性與負性情況負向促發效果下降。憂鬱組與正常組在全中性情況下負向促發效果達顯著差異。研究結論：以抑制理論與回溯提取理論解釋本研究結果，憂鬱症患者對干擾訊息之注意抑制功能與回溯提取功能出現受損現象，並於全中性情況下呈現與正常人不同的訊息處理歷程。

The present study was designed to examine selective attentional functioning in clinical depressive participants. Experimental variables were repetition (repeating and non-repeating) and stimulus valence (neutral, positive and negative contents). The participants included 22 major depressive patients and 30 matched healthy participants. A negative priming task included prime and probe pairs. The repeated condition differed from the non-repeated one in that the probe display target was the same words as the prime display distractor. Color cue, distractor and target were simultaneously presented for 500 msec, and then the participants quickly pressed an assigned key. The recorded key-press time was analyzed by the nonparametric statistical method. Results showed that depressive patients failed to exhibit negative priming at all conditions, and that healthy subjects revealed negative priming only at the neutral condition. Compared to the healthy subjects, the depressive patients are not capable of inhibiting neutral distractors. The findings can be explained by the attention inhibition and memory retrieval hypotheses, which suggest depressive patients disrupt attention inhibition and memory retrieval function and that processing differences in neutral distractors exist between the healthy participants and depressive patients.

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