本研究以不同溼度土壤樣本做為GPS訊號反射物質，再將經過不同溼度土壤的反射訊號做進一步分析。訊號之反射強度與入射角度、土壤濕度、土壤粗糙度、土壤之介電係數、土壤之離散係數等因素有關，本研究利用各參數之間的相關性，再將所接收到的數據加以分析，進一步與真實溼度做比較。另外，本實驗所採用特殊設計之右旋及左旋偏極化天線，在同一時間接收直接傳達到的GPS訊號與經過地面或人為設計不同溼度土壤之減弱的反射訊號，並能夠加以進一步分析，如此便可得每一時間之直接及反射訊號的相位觀測量與定位結果。本研究應用GPS反射訊號之相位觀測量，與直接訊號相互比對其相位觀測量、訊號強度、大氣修正延遲量之修改與設計後，求解相位觀測量整數未定值以及反射點位置與高程，再進一步分析土壤濕度。

The study set six soil samples with different moisture contents as objects that reflected GPS signals, and analyzed the reflected signals from each sample. The reflectivity was correlated with elevation angle, soil moisture, soil roughness, soil dielectric constant and emissivity of the soils. This thesis investigated the relations between each factor, analyzed the reflected data and compared the soil moisture with analyzed results. Furthermore, specially designed left hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right hand circular polarization (RHCP) antennas were adopted to receive the direct GPS signal and the reflected signal from designed soil surface respectively. The designed antennas received directed and reflected signals simultaneously. All observables from the direct and reflected signals were applied in this thesis such as carrier phase, signal- to-noise ratio (SNR), time delay ... etc. An integer ambiguity resolution algorithm and altitude of the reflected points were also implemented to acquire accurate reflected points and analyze the soil moisture further.

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