脂多醣(lipopolysacchrides, LPS)是革蘭氏陰性菌外膜的主要成分，也常被稱為內毒素(endotoxin)。由於空氣中常含有細菌或脂多醣，所以人類的呼吸道會一直接觸此類可能導致發炎的化合物。在正常的情形下，人類的肺部會有足夠的防禦機制去抵抗這些物質；但是，在吸入過多這類化合物的情形下，可能就會產生發炎反應或與疾病。人類呼吸道上皮組織對於外在的環境有屏障作用。同時它在先天免疫反應扮演重要角色，因為它可以產生一些發炎媒介物質，如：cytokines、prostanoids、leukotrienes、nitric oxide、antioxidants 及complement components 等，所以它在呼吸道的發炎反應，扮演著調節的角色。每一種媒介物質在呼吸道疾病中，可以影響發炎細胞的活化、調節平滑肌的運動、引發黏膜液修復作用。但是，呼吸道上皮組織如何釋放這些媒介物質的機制，還不是很清楚。在蛋白質體的研究中，利用二維凝膠電泳和質譜儀，可以研究生物系統中整體蛋白質的表現和蛋白質的調控。藉由這個工具，可以了解人類呼吸道細胞，在經過脂多醣刺激後所產生的反應資訊。在這篇論文中，我們使用人類支氣管細胞(BEAS-2B)做研究，在細胞培養液中加入脂多醣後，培養24 小時，接著收集細胞並做二維凝膠電泳分析。經過影像及統計分析，選出4 個表現差異較大的蛋白質點去進行質譜鑑定。鑑定的結果，此四點為4 種蛋白質，分別為Ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein I 、Protein disulfide isomerase A3 precursor 、Chloride intracellular channel 4 及Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein 。其中Ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein I 為受脂多醣刺激後，表現量變少的蛋白質，而其他三種則是受脂多醣刺激後，表現量變多的蛋白質。

　　Lipopolysacchride (LPS) is a major component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria , which is also called endotoxin. Due to inhalation of airborne particle containing bacteria and LPS from the environment, the human airway is contiuously exposed to these proinflammatory compounds. The lung has efficient defense mechanisms against these agents under normal exposure condition. However, exposure to high level of these agents could result in an inflammtory response and is also associated with the development of lung disease. The human respiratory epithelium is a physical barrier to the environment and a critical component of the innate immune system. It acts as a modulator of a local airway inflammation due to its capacity of synthesizing a variety of mediators including cytokines, prostanoids, leukotrienes, nitric oxide, antioxidants, and complement components. Each of these mediators can influence the activation of inflammation cells, modulate smooth muscle tone, or initiate mucosal repair in respiratory disease. However, the precise mechanism(s) underlying the release of these mediators from respiratory epithelium is unclear. A proteomic approach , utilizing two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometer, is possible to be used for studying global protein expression and regulation of proteins in biological system. By using this tool, it is possible to obtain information of response of human airway cells induced by LPS.

　　In this study, human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) was exposed to LPS. Cell lysate was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In order to detect LPS-induced protein expression, comparison of 2D gel patterns of LPS-induced and non-induced cells was undertaken. After image and statistic analysis, spots with larger change of intensity were first picked and analyzed by mass spectrometer.Ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein I, Protein disulfide isomerase A3 precursor, Chloride intracellular channel 4, and Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein have been identified. Ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein I became less aboundant and others became more aboundant by induction of LPS.

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