自來水中臭味常是人民所詬病的水質問題，本研究為探討水庫土霉臭味之產生，針對澄清湖水庫現地篩選出之放線菌，利用2k因子設計營養源氮、磷進行產臭分析實驗，以界定何者為其主要影響因子；另針對放線菌以分子生物方法鑑定篩選出產生臭味之放線菌種，建立親緣樹圖。
　　產臭分析實驗中，營養源模擬之依據為澄清湖水庫近五年監測站之最高及最低監測值；其中氮源分別採用氨氮、硝酸氮及亞硝酸氮，而磷源則以總磷進行探討。5種篩選出來的菌種中，2-MIB臭味濃度介於0.27~42.9ppt之間；而Geosmin臭味濃度則只有菌種S1及S2產生，介於0.67~18.31ppt之間；兩種臭味濃度都不高，而Geosmin濃度相對於2-MIB濃度則較低，其中以菌種S2為產臭能力最強之菌種。根據2k因子實驗結果顯示，營養源氮、磷對Geosmin及2-MIB此二種臭味物質主要以氨氮、硝酸氮及亞硝酸氮此三者結合之因子為主要影響因子。其餘之影響因子可能依菌種之特性不同而有所不同。
　　利用分子生物方法鑑定放線菌種之結果顯示，所篩選出來的5種放線菌皆屬於Streptomyces屬。其中S1和S4屬於S.thermocarboxudus種；S3及S5屬於S.afghaniensis種；S2則屬於S.maritimus種。本研究探討利用傳統微生物篩選後，以分子生物方法鑑定，亦證明利用分子生物方法應用在環境樣品之可行性。
關鍵字：2MIB、Geosmin、土霉味、分子生物鑑定、放線菌、鏈黴菌

　Odor problems in the drinking water have caused people’s higher concern and murmur recently. This research try to investigate about the musty/earthy odors were generated by Actinomycete in the Chengchinghu reservoir collocate the 2k factor design with different nitrogen and phosphorous adding to estimate the main effect factor about the odor-producing. In the other hand, we also used the tools of molecular biology technique to identify the Actinomycetes were isolated from the water and sediments of this reservoir and establish the phylogenetic tree further.

　In the odor-producing experiments, the nutrient was prepared according to highest and lowest value from the Chengchinghu reservoir in the past years. We used the ammoniam-nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen to simulate the nitrogen existence and the total phosphate represented the phosphorous concentration in the reservoir. The results of odor-producing indicate the concentration of 2-MIB and Geosmin with different Actinomycetes were between 0.27 to 42.9 ppt and 0.67 to 18.31 ppt respectively. We also find the concentration of 2-MIB and Geosmin are both very low in all experimental condition and the concentration of Geosmin was significant lower the 2-MIB. If we compared different tested Actinomycetes isolated from this reservoir, we can find the S2 had the highest odor-producing value. The results of 2k factor design showed that the main effect factors of Geosmin and 2-MIB were combined the complex effects of ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen. The influence degree was different with dissimilar characteristics of bacteria.

　We used the molecular biology techniques to identify the isolated Actinomycetes and the results indicated all of them are Streptomyces.S1 and S4 are parts of S.thermocarboxudus；S2 and S5 are parts of S.afghaniensis：and S2 belongs to S.maritimus. If we summarized the above-mentioned results to assess the feasibility of tools of molecular biology techniques, we will find the applications of these tools were practicable of environmental samples.

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