本研究為製備長纖竹纖維/環氧樹脂複合材料，並研究此複合材料的機械性質。首先，切削竹子以製備長纖竹纖維，並測量無鹼處理及鹼處理之竹纖維的基本特性。使用樹脂轉注成型法製作長纖竹纖維/環氧樹脂複合材料，此複合材料的纖維方向均為近似單向排列，且纖維體積比約為42%。由試驗結果顯示，竹纖維經由鹼處理後強度下降，但是鹼處理後的長纖竹纖維補強環氧樹脂的機械性質卻優於沒有鹼處理的長纖竹纖維，因為沒有鹼處理的竹纖維和環氧樹脂之間的界面結合不佳，導致補強效果明顯不如預期。由上述結果得知，鹼處理後的竹纖維具有較佳之補強能力。其次，分別比較不同粗細的竹纖維，對於長纖竹纖維/環氧樹脂複合材料之拉伸性質的影響，並進行濕熱老化測試。結果顯示，竹纖維直徑較小時，複合材料的抗拉強度與楊氏係數均明顯增加。而竹纖維複合材料對水分吸收具高度敏感，且濕熱作用對於此複合材料的機械性質造成明顯不利的影響。

This study is to investigate the mechanical, hygral, and interfacial strength of continuous bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The untreated and alkali-treated continuous bamboo fibers were prepared from cutting the nature bamboo culm. The basic characteristics of the bamboo fibers, such as density, equivalent diameter, and tensile properties were experimentally measured. The bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy (BF/EP) composites were fabricated by the resin transfer molding (RTM) process with the resulting fiber volume fraction about 42%. The strength of bamboo fiber was found to decrease with the alkaline treatment. However, alkali-treated bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites acquired better tensile strength than those with untreated bamboo fibers. The untreated bamboo fiber was believed to have weak interface with the epoxy resin, which was verified by the subsequent interface strength tests. The size effect of bamboo fibers on the tensile properties of the BF/EP composites were also studied. The results showed that the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the composite increase with the decrease of the bamboo fiber diameter as expected. For the hygrothermal aging test, BF/EP composites are highly sensitive to moisture absorption, and the moisture has a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the BF/EP composite.

[1] J. D. Bronzino, Biomedical engineering handbook vol. 2: CRC press, 1999.
[2] L. Yan, N. Chouw, and K. Jayaraman, "Flax fibre and its composites–A review," Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 56, pp. 296-317, 2014.
[3] J. HOBSON and M. CARUS, "Targets for bio-based composites and natural fibres," JEC composites, pp. 31-32, 2011.
[4] W. Jordan and P. Chester, "Improving the Properties of banana fiber reinforced polymeric composites by treating the fibers," Procedia Engineering, vol. 200, pp. 283-289, 2017.
[5] M. Sood, D. Deepak, and V. Gupta, "Tensile properties of sisal fiber/recycled polyethylene (high density) composite: Effect of fiber chemical treatment," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 5, pp. 5673-5678, 2018.
[6] T. Alomayri and I. M. Low, "Synthesis and characterization of mechanical properties in cotton fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites," Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, vol. 1, pp. 30-34, 2013.
[7] P. Zakikhani, R. Zahari, M. Sultan, and D. Majid, "Extraction and preparation of bamboo fibre-reinforced composites," Materials & Design, vol. 63, pp. 820-828, 2014.
[8] S. Migneault, A. Koubaa, P. Perré, and B. Riedl, "Effects of wood fiber surface chemistry on strength of wood–plastic composites," Applied Surface Science, vol. 343, pp. 11-18, 2015.
[9] B. Van Voorn, H. Smit, R. Sinke, and B. De Klerk, "Natural fibre reinforced sheet moulding compound," Composites Part A: applied science and manufacturing, vol. 32, pp. 1271-1279, 2001.
[10] D. Liu, J. Song, D. P. Anderson, P. R. Chang, and Y. Hua, "Bamboo fiber and its reinforced composites: structure and properties," Cellulose, vol. 19, pp. 1449-1480, 2012.
[11] M. Wollerdorfer and H. Bader, "Influence of natural fibres on the mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers," Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 8, pp. 105-112, 1998.
[12] 何振隆, 徐光平, and 陳財輝, "竹纖維的簡介及未來展望," 林業研究專訊, vol. 23, pp. 68-71, 2016.
[13] K. Okubo, T. Fujii, and E. T. Thostenson, "Multi-scale hybrid biocomposite: processing and mechanical characterization of bamboo fiber reinforced PLA with microfibrillated cellulose," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 40, pp. 469-475, 2009.
[14] A. P. Deshpande, M. Bhaskar Rao, and C. Lakshmana Rao, "Extraction of bamboo fibers and their use as reinforcement in polymeric composites," Journal of applied polymer science, vol. 76, pp. 83-92, 2000.
[15] M. J. John and R. D. Anandjiwala, "Recent developments in chemical modification and characterization of natural fiber‐reinforced composites," Polymer composites, vol. 29, pp. 187-207, 2008.
[16] S. Kalia, B. Kaith, and I. Kaur, "Pretreatments of natural fibers and their application as reinforcing material in polymer composites—a review," Polymer Engineering & Science, vol. 49, pp. 1253-1272, 2009.
[17] R. Sukmawan, H. Takagi, and A. N. Nakagaito, "Strength evaluation of cross-ply green composite laminates reinforced by bamboo fiber," Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 84, pp. 9-16, 2016.
[18] Y. S. Zhang, J. X. Xie, and Y. C. Jiang, "Study on division of natural bamboo fibers by steam explosion," in Advanced Materials Research, 2012, pp. 1873-1876.
[19] N. T. Phong, T. Fujii, B. Chuong, and K. Okubo, "Study on how to effectively extract bamboo fibers from raw bamboo and wastewater treatment," Journal of Materials Science Research, vol. 1, p. 144, 2011.
[20] Z. M. Ishak, A. Ariffin, and R. Senawi, "Effects of hygrothermal aging and a silane coupling agent on the tensile properties of injection molded short glass fiber reinforced poly (butylene terephthalate) composites," European Polymer Journal, vol. 37, pp. 1635-1647, 2001.
[21] H. Dhakal, Z. Zhang, and M. Richardson, "Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hemp fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester composites," Composites science and technology, vol. 67, pp. 1674-1683, 2007.
[22] H. Alamri and I. M. Low, "Mechanical properties and water absorption behaviour of recycled cellulose fibre reinforced epoxy composites," Polymer testing, vol. 31, pp. 620-628, 2012.
[23] N. Banik, V. Dey, and G. Sastry, "An Overview of Lignin & Hemicellulose Effect Upon Biodegradable Bamboo Fiber Composites Due to Moisture," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 4, pp. 3222-3232, 2017.
[24] S. Jain, R. Kumar, and U. Jindal, "Mechanical behaviour of bamboo and bamboo composite," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 27, pp. 4598-4604, 1992.
[25] L. Zou, H. Jin, W.-Y. Lu, and X. Li, "Nanoscale structural and mechanical characterization of the cell wall of bamboo fibers," Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol. 29, pp. 1375-1379, 2009.
[26] P. K. Kushwaha and R. Kumar, "Influence of Pre-Impregnation Treatment on Bamboo Reinforced Epoxy/UPE Resin Composites," Open Journal of Composite Materials, vol. 2, p. 139, 2012.
[27] D. E. Hebel, A. Javadian, F. Heisel, K. Schlesier, D. Griebel, and M. Wielopolski, "Process-controlled optimization of the tensile strength of bamboo fiber composites for structural applications," Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 67, pp. 125-131, 2014.
[28] A. C. Manalo, E. Wani, N. A. Zukarnain, W. Karunasena, and K.-t. Lau, "Effects of alkali treatment and elevated temperature on the mechanical properties of bamboo fibre–polyester composites," Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 80, pp. 73-83, 2015.
[29] H. Banga, V. Singh, and S. K. Choudhary, "Fabrication and study of mechanical properties of bamboo fibre reinforced bio-composites," Innovative systems design and engineering, vol. 6, pp. 84-98, 2015.
[30] 楊思廉, 新材料塑膠. 台北市: 五洲出版社, 1987.
[31] 林建良, "預熱器對樹酯轉注成形的影響," 碩士, 航空太空工程研究所, 國立成功大學, 1988.
[32] 呂錦明, 台灣竹圖鑑. 台中市: 晨星出版有限公司, 2010.
[33] 羅永富. 台灣大百科全書-竹種類. Available: http://nrch.culture.tw/twpedia.aspx?id=13482
[34] G. Chen, H. Luo, H. Yang, T. Zhang, and S. Li, "Water effects on the deformation and fracture behaviors of the multi-scaled cellular fibrous bamboo," Acta biomaterialia, vol. 65, pp. 203-215, 2018.
[35] D. N. Saheb and J. P. Jog, "Natural fiber polymer composites: a review," Advances in polymer technology, vol. 18, pp. 351-363, 1999.
[36] T. P. Nevell and S. H. Zeronian, Cellulose chemistry and its applications, 1985.
[37] M. J. John and S. Thomas, "Biofibres and biocomposites," Carbohydrate polymers, vol. 71, pp. 343-364, 2008.
[38] 王秀華, 木材化學及其應用. 台北市: 國立編譯館, 2006.
[39] 曹育齊, "竹纖維強化聚乳酸複合材料製備及特性研究," 碩士, 航空太空工程研究所, 國立成功大學, 2014.
[40] 李宛茜, "筊白筍外殼補強複合材料之製作及分析," 碩士, 化學工程研究所, 國立中興大學, 2005.
[41] A. K. Mohanty, M. Misra, and L. T. Drzal, Natural fibers, biopolymers, and biocomposites: CRC press, 2005.
[42] A. Van Vuure, L. Osario, E. Trujillo, C. Fuentes, and I. Verpoest, "Long bamboo fiber composites," in Proc. 18th International Conference on Composite Materials, 2009, pp. 27-31.
[43] R. F. Gibson, Principles of composite material mechanics: CRC press, 2016.
[44] 余鴻文, "樹脂轉注成型法中製成參數的設計與最佳化," 碩士, 航空太空工程研究所, 國立成功大學, 1985.
[45] L. Greszczuk, "Theoretical studies of the mechanics of the fiber-matrix interface in composites," in Interfaces in composites, ed: ASTM International, 1969.
[46] K. Okubo, T. Fujii, and Y. Yamamoto, "Development of bamboo-based polymer composites and their mechanical properties," Composites Part A: Applied science and manufacturing, vol. 35, pp. 377-383, 2004.
[47] M. Davoodi, S. Sapuan, D. Ahmad, A. Aidy, A. Khalina, and M. Jonoobi, "Concept selection of car bumper beam with developed hybrid bio-composite material," Materials & Design, vol. 32, pp. 4857-4865, 2011.