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研究生：	眭弘遠 Hsi, Ronald
論文名稱：	雙加速度捲軸控制設計與評估 Design and Evaluation for Duel-acceleration Scrolling Techniques
指導教授：	吳豐光 Wu, Fong-Gong
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	規劃與設計學院 - 工業設計學系 Department of Industrial Design
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	97
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	46
中文關鍵詞：	瀏覽作業、捲軸作業、滾輪裝置
外文關鍵詞：	navigation, scrolling, mouse wheel
相關次數：	點閱：91 下載：8
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下拉式捲軸控制器(scroll bar)在圖形化視窗介面中佔有重要的地位，各種電腦介面之瀏覽作業均倚賴著scrolling進行頁面捲動，解決受顯示器所限制的資訊顯示量。Scroll bar主要的控制方式有：(1) 控制游標點擊或拖曳scroll bar以及(2) 捲動滑鼠上的滾輪裝置(wheel)。滾輪的出現讓使用者不用中斷視窗內容的閱覽便可捲動頁面，而目前滾輪的速率控制模式亦發展出自動的捲動加速(automatic scrolling acceleration)，但其高速與低速的轉換控制為顧及使用操控性與使用者負荷，仍受到限制。
本研究提出一項新的捲軸加速度模式 ─ 雙加速度模式(duel-acceleration mode)，結合滾輪加速度運算(wheel acceleration)及游標位置加速度運算(cursor-position acceleration)，讓捲軸速度的控制具有立即性(instant)，提升scrolling作業的綜合績效。並邀請22位受測者使用滾輪裝置進行包含標準定速、滾輪加速度、雙加速度等三種不同的捲軸控制模式進行捲軸瞄準任務績效實驗。研究顯示如此的新式加速度模式並不會造成錯誤率的提升，而在中遠距離開始即顯著提升scrolling瞄準任務之績效。即支持本研究所提出的duel-acceleration scrolling之優點，與現有的wheel acceleration相比，(1)具有更大的加速度改變空間，(2)使用者能針對不同使用情境，立即的調整合適的捲動速度，精密閱讀時仍提供慢速捲動功能，長距離快速跳頁時能夠更具效率。

Scrollbar plays a great part in GUI operating system. All kind of navigation or browse tasks involve in scrolling. Through it, the information quantity is no longer restricted by the limited display area. There are two typical ways to scroll: (a) Users can click and drag the scrollbar controller on the side of the window, or (b) use the wheel on the mouse. The wheel increase the efficiency of scrolling, users can scroll the page without being distracted operating the scrollbar. Besides the wheel device, automatic scrolling acceleration, which is supported by some systems, speeds the scrolling. In according to the concern between scrolling speed and usability, automatic scrolling acceleration still has speeding degree limitation. This study present a new scrolling acceleration mode, duel-acceleration mode, consists of wheel acceleration and cursor-position acceleration. We provide an idea to modulate the scrolling speed more instantly.

Duel-acceleration mode combines two accelerations: (a) Wheel acceleration: the unit distance of scrolling is defined by how fast the user rolls the wheel; (b) Cursor-position acceleration: Cursor-position acceleration is calculated according to the vertical position of mouse cursor. Giving consideration to user behavior, users get cues of the following contents when they read the content near the middle line on the screen. It will be easy to continue the reading after each scrolling. When users read the last line on the bottom of the screen instead, the cues help them to continue the reading might disappear more often after scrolling. Hence, we propose an increasing acceleration when the mouse cursor leads to the top, and the acceleration decreases while the mouse cursor leading to the bottom. The second acceleration extends the range of maximum and minimum scrolling speed. Users can vary the scrolling speed instantly to fit different operation conditions, make it more easily to navigate through long distance.

We designed an aimed scrolling task, which contained three different scrolling modes and five distance levels. The three modes: (a) Standard mode (ST): constant velocity, v=3 line/notch; (b)Wheel acceleration mode (WA): displacement Δy=v*(1+k/Δt)a , v: equals to v in standard mode, k: adjust factor, a: acceleration determine constant; (c)Duel-acceleration mode (DA): displacement Δy = ad * v*(1+k/Δt)a . The five distance levels: 144, 288, 432, 576, 720 (line). Every distance level has 10 continuous aimed scrolling tasks and the five distance level proceeded in a random order. There are 22 people participated in this study. Each of them was asked to perform a test, which includes 3(mode) X 5(distance level) X 10, total 150 aimed scrolling tasks. Task complete time and error rate were recorded, and a subjective questionnaire was taken in the end of the test.

As the result, duel-acceleration mode performs a significant higher efficiency on the middle-long distance level. There error rate showed no difference between the three acceleration modes. In other word, duel-acceleration mode has advantages but few disadvantages compare to the other two modes that have been applied today. (a)Duel-acceleration mode extends the range of maximum and minimum scrolling speed. (b)Duel-acceleration mode makes it more easily navigating especially in long distance condition. (c)Users can vary the scrolling speed instantly to fit different operation conditions.

中文摘要 ............................................................................................................................................ i
英文摘要 Abstract ......................................................................................................................... iii
誌謝 ................................................................................................................................................... v
目錄 .................................................................................................................................................. vi
表目錄 .............................................................................................................................................. ix
第一章 緒論 ................................................................................................................................. 1
1-1 動機與背景 .............................................................................................................................. 1
1-3 研究範圍 ................................................................................................................................. 3
1-4 研究架構 ................................................................................................................................. 4
第二章 文獻探討 .......................................................................................................................... 5
2-1 瀏覽作業 ................................................................................................................................. 5
2-2 捲軸控制介面探討 .................................................................................................................. 6
2-2-1 單軸向顯示介面 ............................................................................................................. 6
2-2-2 捲軸控制介面之操作方式 ............................................................................................. 7
2-2-3 捲軸控制作業特性 ......................................................................................................... 8
2-3 現有指向輸入裝置 .................................................................................................................. 9
2-3-1 滑鼠 Mouse .................................................................................................................... 9
2-3-2 圖形數位板 Graphic Tablet ....................................................................................... 9
2-3-3 觸控螢幕及平板電腦 Touch Screen & Tablet PC .................................................. 10
2-3-4 使用指向輸入裝置造成之傷害 ................................................................................... 11
2-4 指向作業相關理論探討 ........................................................................................................ 11
2-4-1 Fitts 法則 ........................................................................................................................ 11
2-4-2 控制反應比 Control-response ratio .......................................................................... 12
2-4-3 移動方向及角度 ........................................................................................................... 13
2-4-4 控制等級 ....................................................................................................................... 14
vii
2-5 手部機能探討 ........................................................................................................................ 15
第三章 研究方法 ........................................................................................................................ 16
3-1 捲軸控制模式 ........................................................................................................................ 16
3-2 新式捲軸速度控制模式績效評估實驗 ................................................................................ 17
3-2-1 實驗目的 ....................................................................................................................... 17
3-2-2 受測者 ........................................................................................................................... 17
3-2-3 實驗器材與場地規劃 ................................................................................................... 17
3-2-4 實驗任務設計 ............................................................................................................... 18
3-2-5 實驗變項 ....................................................................................................................... 21
3-2-6 實驗介面設計 ............................................................................................................... 24
3-2-7 實驗流程 ....................................................................................................................... 24
3-3 統計與分析方法 .................................................................................................................... 25
3-3-1 One-way ANOVA .......................................................................................................... 25
3-3-2 Scheffe 多重檢定法 ....................................................................................................... 26
3-3-3 Dunnett’s T3 法 .............................................................................................................. 26
3-3-4 卡方檢定 (Chi square test) ........................................................................................... 26
第四章 結果分析 ........................................................................................................................ 27
4-1 績效分析 ............................................................................................................................... 27
4-2 錯誤率分析 ............................................................................................................................ 32
4-3 距離水準864 時之任務績效分析 ........................................................................................ 34
第五章 討論 ............................................................................................................................... 36
5-1 間斷式作業特性 .................................................................................................................... 36
5-2 學習效應 ............................................................................................................................... 38
5-3 操控穩定性 ............................................................................................................................ 40
5-4 控制反應比 (C/R 比)概念 .................................................................................................... 41
第六章 結論與建議..................................................................................................................... 43
6-1 研究結論 ............................................................................................................................... 43
參考文獻 ......................................................................................................................................... 45
                                    

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校內：2010-02-12公開
校外：2010-02-12公開

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