近年來，人們受到氣候變遷及都市熱島效應的影響，極端的高溫情形使各國都開始注重都市中熱的議題，提出遮蔭相關的政策。適當的遮蔭可以提升熱舒適，提供良好的戶外活動空間，並提升人們戶外活動的意願。遮蔽設施的尺度(尺寸及方位)為遮蔽設施下人體熱舒適度的關鍵因素，其直接影響了對日射的遮蔽性，然而過去較少針對台灣的騎樓、迴廊等戶外遮蔽設施的尺度進行熱舒適的研究。因此本研究希望透過熱舒適的模擬，探討戶外遮蔽設施尺度與熱舒適的關係，並找到最適合台灣氣候的遮蔽設施尺度區間，以期能作為政府訂立法規或設計者進行設計的參考。另外也透過實測及模擬工具的比較驗證Ladybug工具的熱舒適模擬準確性及效益。
在研究分析之前，本研究透過日射量實測與Ladybug輻射量模擬成果的比較，驗證了Ladybug的輻射模擬準確性，同時也比較了Ladybug、 RayMan及Tmrt簡算式三種模擬Tmrt的方法，瞭解Ladybug與其他熱舒適模擬方法的差異性，證實Ladybug模擬具準確性及便利性，適合作為模擬遮蔽設施輻射量及熱舒適的工具。
本研究將戶外遮蔽設施分為獨立型及附著型，並以有效寬高比及方位進行遮蔽設施的尺度對熱舒適影響的分析。本研究首先使用Rhino Grasshopper建置遮蔽設施模型，以其環境分析插件Ladybug計算兩種類型遮蔽設施其不同有效寬高比及方位下的PET (Physical Equivalent Temperature)，並分析夏季日間的平均PET及不舒適比例(PET>34℃)分布。研究成果顯示，有效寬高比愈小，平均PET愈大，不舒適的比例也愈高。而遮蔽設施之方位對於PET亦有所影響，在獨立型遮蔽設施中，南北向的平均PET及不舒適比例最高而東西向最低，而附著型則是西向最高、北向最低。本研究亦透過迴歸分析得出以有效寬高比為參數的遮蔽設施夏季日間平均PET預估式。所有預估式皆有很高的相關性，代表以單一的尺度參數預測遮蔽設施下的熱舒適可以有很高的準確性。
為了使遮蔽設施與熱舒適的研究成果能廣泛應用於政策及設計實務，本研究將遮蔽設施有效寬高比與PET不舒適比例的成果整理成表格。使用者透過查表的方式能輕易地了解到不同尺度及方位的遮蔽設施的PET舒適比例，政府機關可依據此表訂定符合一定熱舒適標準的尺寸規範，一般的設計者亦可利用此表格評估其設計的遮蔽設施提升熱舒適的效果。本研究亦討論了將遮蔭與熱舒適導入國內政策體系的方式，並提供政策法規及設計的應用範例。

Effective shade can improve outdoor thermal comfort and encourage people to engage in outdoor activities. The orientation and dimensions of shading devices are key factors in the thermal comfort underneath, however rarely discussed in past studies. Therefore, the objective of this research is to understand the relationship between the orientation and dimensions of outdoor shading devices and thermal comfort under Taiwan’s climate to provide references for policy making and design.
This research applies the Ladybug tool to calculate the physical equivalent temperature (PET) under various dimensions and orientations of two basic types of outdoor shading devices during summer days. The effect of the dimensions on thermal comfort is evaluated with the effective aspect ratio.
The results show that the smaller the effective aspect ratio, the higher the average PET and the discomfort ratio. The orientation of shading devices also affects PET. In addition, this study finds regression equations for the average PET of shading devices in summer with the effective aspect ratio as a parameter. Moreover, this study organizes the results into a reference table so users can easily understand the PET discomfort ratio of shading devices in different dimensions and orientations.
This research provides valuable information for the government to develop shading policies, assist designers to design comfort shading devices, and predicts thermal comfort levels under shading devices in various dimensions and orientation.

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