美髮業者在工作中會頻繁接觸大量的水、清潔劑、染髮劑、燙髮劑和經常性的溫度變化例如吹風時的熱風與室內的冷氣，因此報告有皮膚不適之文獻相當普遍，盛行率為10%到 90%都有，表現以接觸皮膚炎、接觸性尋麻疹與剪刀傷痕等為主。
本研究目的在探討目前南台灣美髮業者職業性皮膚病的盛行率、臨床表徵與工作中影響健康的因子。利用橫斷式研究的方式進行，經隨機選取台南市與高雄市之大型美髮連鎖店，將其店內所有17-37歲女性全職工作者包括助手與設計師納入研究對象，對照組為年齡層相近之技術學院女學生，以自行設計之結構性問卷評估工作暴露與皮膚不適情形，醫師檢查皮膚問題，實施貼膚試驗，並採血進行基因多型性之分析。在數據分析方面，以卡方檢定與多變量邏輯迴歸分析暴露危險因子與疾病之關係。
結果完成檢查的研究組美髮業者有106人，對照組有80人。有剪刀傷痕者分別為81.5%與18.9%，有手部溼疹的分別為62.1%與14.3%，貼膚試驗有陽性反應者分別為58%與32%，兩組的主要接觸過敏原分別為硫酸鎳(32.1%)、氯化亞鈷(7.1%)、重鉻酸鉀(5.4%)與硫酸鎳(16.7%)、氯化亞鈷(10.7%)、與香水混合物(3.6%)。LTαNcoI*G與TNFα-308*G相連結。IL16-295 T/T基因型過度表現在接觸過敏者(OR=2.15, 95% CI= (1.06-4.43), p=0.03)。 以多變量邏輯迴歸分析校正穿耳洞、美髮業者的因子後，LtαNcoI A/A對鎳過敏的危險性增高(OR=3.94, 95%CI=(1.32-12.84), p=0.02)。並無證據顯示TNFα-308基因多型性與接觸過敏者有相關。
結論就是剪刀傷痕與接觸皮膚炎在美髮業者顯著比對照組常見，貼膚試驗顯示鎳是最常見的過敏原。LtαNcoI A/A與對鎳過敏者的相關性及IL16-295 T/T與接觸過敏的相關性是第一次被提出，進行更多研究與分析將有助於證實此結論。

Objective Hairdressers are known at high risk of contracting occupational skin diseases (OSD), with prevalence ranged from 10% to 90%. Hairdressers may develop contact dermatitis, contact urticaria and scissor scars after exposure to water, detergent in shampoo, chemicals in hair dyes or perm solutions, metals, rubber, fragrances and preservatives. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and clinical features of OSD among hairdressers in southern Taiwan, and to determine risk factors for OSD.
Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with all the 17-37y/o female hairdressers in randomly selected salons. Control women of similar age were recruited from students in a college. A structured questionnaire interview, physical examination, including skin examination and patch testing by a dermatologist were conducted. The patch agents included European Standard Tray and Hairdressing Series (Chemotechnique Diagnostic AB, Sweden). Blood samples were collected for analysis of gene polymorphism after informed consent. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square and multiple logistical regression analysis.
Results A total of 106 hairdressers and 80 controls completed the examination. Scissor wounds/scars were found in 81.5% vs. 18.9%, and hand eczema in 62.1% vs. 14.3% of and positive reaction to one or more allergens in 58% and 32% in hairdressers and controls, respectively. The patching agents with highest positive rates were nickel (32.1%), cobalt (7.1%), dichromate (5.4%) and PPD (4.5%) among hairdressers, and nickel (16.7%), cobalt (10.7%), and fragrance (3.6%) among controls. LTαNcoI*G was linked to TNFα-308*G. IL19-295 T/T genotype was overrepresented among individuals with contact sensitization (CS) (OR=2.15, 95%CI=(1.06-4.43), p=0.03). When ear piercing and worker as hairdresser were adjusted by multiple logistic regression, the risk of nickel contact sensitization (NCS) was much higher for the LtαNcoI A/A (OR=3.94, 95%CI=(1.32-12.84), p=0.02). There was no evidence of association between TNFα-308 and CS.
Conclusion Scissor wounds and hand eczema are significantly more common in hairdressers than in control group. Patch test revealed nickel being the most important allergic agent. The association between LtαNcoI polymorphism and NCS, and possible relationship between IL16-295and CS were firstly described. The results need to be confirmed in future studies.

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