水庫的壽命隨著淤積狀況逐年下滑，但淤泥本身顆粒極細且含水量高，因此淤泥處置有不少難度，故各式再利用方案之研究也備受重視，其中在各種利用方案裡面燒製為陶粒可100%使用淤泥，且可在淤泥含水量較高的狀態製作，而陶粒本身質輕、多孔等特性使之具有相當的發展性。
本研究以石門水庫淤泥經造粒，由商用旋窯燒製而成之陶粒為研究對象，選用粒徑大於10mm的陶粒，陶粒之密度等級有300、500、700三種，其中300級陶粒為破碎狀，以3種之成形方式震盪加壓成形、模板搗實成形（2小時拆模）與模板搗實成形（24小時拆模）來製作砌塊。配比因子有陶粒密度等級、陶砂體積及水泥量，每個因子有三個等級，共9種配比，每個配比與成形方式各製作3顆試體，共81顆試體，在國立成功大學依據CNS 1232進行抗壓試驗，用以探討粗粒徑陶粒成形方式之影響與配比影響程度。
研究結果發現，製程對砌塊的成形狀態影響甚鉅。震盪加壓成形製程所製作之砌塊尺寸變異最為顯著；連帶地，成形工法及成形品質也影響抗壓強度，其中模板搗實成形（2、24小時拆模）之砌塊抗壓強度均高於震盪加壓成形約50%，且陶粒粒型在震盪加壓成形中有明顯差異，300級陶粒為破碎陶粒，成形狀態相對穩定，而500與700級陶粒因顆粒圓潤表面光滑與砂漿握裹力不佳，故成形較差以致材料強度無法充分發揮。
本研究配比主要變數為陶粒密度、陶砂量與水泥量，在各製程中影響最為顯著者為陶粒密度，陶粒密度越高，砌塊的抗壓強度亦越高；除500級之外。推測原因為500級粒形較為圓潤，故成形狀態差導致強度無法完整發揮。而水泥量與抗壓強度的影響程度低於陶粒密度，其與抗壓強度在三種成形方式中皆呈現正相關，水泥使用量越多則抗壓強度與強重比亦越高，但從試拌的過程中發現，過多的水泥會使拌合料過於黏稠，導致砌塊脫模困難，反而使砌塊成形不佳，進而使材料強度無法完全發揮。陶砂量對抗壓強度影響最不顯著，然而從試拌的過程中發現，砌塊要成形粒料間需能充份握裹，因此仍需一定比例之陶砂。

The life expectancy of a water reservoir will decrease due to sediment accumulation year by year. Because the sediment is fine-grained and exhibits high moisture content, it is difficult to process for further application. Studies about alternative research studies regarding alternate reuse of the sediment have caught more attention. One of the reusing strategies is to produce ceramsite through the ceramic sintering process. This strategy has certain advantages over other reuse methods. Process wise, it can be done while having high moisture content in the sediment, and can use up to 100% of the sediment as a reusable material. As a material ceramsite exhibits engineering properties that are advantageous, such as light weight and porosity. These properties endows the sediment certain potential for application.

This main resource for this study is the ceramsite made from the sediment in the Shi-men Reservoir, which is sintered in a large-scale and industrial rotary kiln. Ceramsite with diameter greater than 10mm are composed of three different density: grade-300, grade-500 and grade-700. Among the three grades, grade-300 reveals to be irregular shaped while the other two are round and smooth. The ceramsite is formed into bricks, by the means of three production techniques, i.e. compression-plus-vibration molding, manual compaction molding (mold removed after 2 hours), manual compaction molding (mold removed after 24 hours). The concrete mixture of the brick is modified based on three factors, i.e. density of the ceramsite, the amount of cement and the am amount of ceramsite sand. With 3 production techniques. Each factor consists of three variables or hierarchies. The tested bricks comprise of 9 mixture ratios which are planned according to experimental design and integrate the three factors. Each type of bricks is composed of 3 specimens. Therefore, the compressive test comprises 81 specimens. The test is carried out based on CNS 1232 in a universal testing system in National Cheng Kung University Compressive tests.

This study are to evaluate the influence of the chosen factors upon the compressive behavior of the lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) bricks that the production method immensely affects the formation of the bricks. Bricks molded by using the compression-plus-vibration molding techniques reveals the most variation in terms of size. Subsequently, the production technique and quality affect the compressive strength. The bricks made of manual compaction exhibit approximately 50% higher compressive strength than the specimens from compression-plus-vibration technique. Then, particle’s shape of the ceramsite affects the formation quality of bricks by compression-plus-vibration molding. The irregular shape of grade-300 ceramsite leads to better reliability in terms of formation quality compared to grade 500 and grade 700, whose shape and smooth surface result in worse bonding effect and mechanical properties.

The factors of mixture ratio in this study include ceramsite’s density, the amount of cement and the amount of ceramsite sand. Among them, ceramsite’s density is the most influential for compressive behavior. The higher the density is, the greater compressive strength can be achieved. In such tendency, however, bricks made of grade 500 ceramsite show certain discrepancy. Due to round texture, grade-500 cause the brick to poorly form and inevitably lower capacity in compression. The amount of cement used affects the compressive strength as well. The compressive strength of the brick has positive correlation with the amount of cement. Bricks produced by the three techniques reveal convergent tendency. As the amount of cement increases, the compressive strength and ratio of strength to weight also enhances. However, during mixing the trial batch, the study found that excessive cement slurry results in a viscous mixture. This may arise the difficulty to demold the bricks, cause poor formation and debase the compressive strength of the brick. Regarding the amount of ceramsite sand applied, the specimen does not reveal a significant impact on compressive strength. During the mixing trial batch, however, it should be noted that a certain amount of ceramsite sand is necessary to robustly bond the aggerates.

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