| 研究生: |
蕭雯倩 Seow, Voon-Chean |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
台灣發電部門CO2排放減量成本分析之研究 A Study of Abatement Cost Analysis in CO2 Emmision for Taiwan Power Industry |
| 指導教授: |
陳家榮
Chen, Chia-Yon |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 資源工程學系 Department of Resources Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2010 |
| 畢業學年度: | 98 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 89 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 電力供給規劃 、多目標規劃法 、電力部門二氧化碳減量成本 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | multi-objective planning, CO2 emission, marginal rate substitution |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:72 下載:0 |
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隨著科技的進步及社會的安定,工業和民生用電也逐年提升,促使能源需求大增,在發電滿足需求的同時,化石燃料在能源轉換過程中排放大量的二氧化碳,根據IEA(2009)統計,以部門別排放而言,電力部門於2007年全球二氧化碳排放量中占總排放量的41%,使得電力部門往往成為二氧化碳排放減量議題中第一個被放大檢視的部門,因此在面臨二氧化碳排放造成全球暖化危機時,電力部門於電力供給中如何在滿足需求且降低二氧化碳排放量之間進行抉擇,適當的電力供給規劃即成為各國所面臨之課題。
台灣基於自身為一電力孤立系統,不易從外界獲得電力供給,同時高度依賴進口能源,因此事前規劃更益顯重要。本研究運用多目標規劃法,以發電經濟性和二氧化碳排放量極小化此兩大目標下,模擬歷史電力系統發電調度並驗證其可行性,然後對未來目標年進行電力調度之模擬,觀察各情境下的發電行為,並提出建議供決策單位與規劃未來電力供給時的參考。另外,本研究亦使用多目標規劃中的限制式法,尋找發電總成本和二氧化碳排放量之間的邊際替代率非劣解集合,提供相關單位於排放減量程度抉擇時之參考。
本研究結果顯示於2025年時,能為二氧化碳排放帶來最佳減量空間之方案為核能機組的延役;另外在不考慮固定成本變動之下,提升發電機組效率於降低成本和二氧化碳排放皆能帶來不錯的效益;發電用天然氣量的提升則排擠了燃煤發電和再生能源的供電,使得成本上升以及二氧化碳排放無顯著下降。而發電總成本和二氧化碳排放量之間的邊際替代關係將越趨平緩,原因為電力系統內可供進行人為調度的機組減少,使得減量成本越來越高。
The usage of electricity in industries and residences is increasing every year in this advanced technology and peaceful society; as a result, there is a keen demand of energy source. Whilst the power generation meets the need of electricity, a copious amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) is also released in the process of energy transformation from fossil fuel. According to the IEA statistics in 2009, generation of electricity and heat by the electricity sector has released about 41% of the total global CO2 emission in 2007 based on a sectoral approach. As a result, the electricity sector is always the first department to be criticized on the issue of reduction in the total global CO2 emission. When faced with the crisis of global warming caused by the release of CO2, the electricity sector in every country is trying hard to find a solution that can reduce the emission of CO2 while ensuring the electricity supply meets their demand.
Taiwan in and of itself is an isolated electric power system and is difficult to access the outside power supply. Meanwhile, Taiwan is also highly dependent on imported energy, and therefore advanced planning is very important. In this study, multi-objective planning methods are applied, with a goal of power economy and the least CO2 emission, to simulate and verify the feasibility of the historical electrical power generation scheduling. Simulations of electrical power generation scheduling in the future and observations of the power behaviors under different circumstances are also performed. The results will be provided to decision-making units as a reference for the planning of future power supply. In addition, the constraint method, one of the multi-objective planning methods, is also applied to investigate the relationship of marginal rate of substitution and non-inferior solutions between the total cost of power generation and CO2 emission. The results will also be provided to the relevant units as a reference on the issue of reduction of CO2 emission.
In this study, the result showed that extending the service operation of Nuclear Power Units was the best solution for the reduction of CO2 emission. Besides, improvement in efficacy of the generators may also lead to a satisfactory outcome in the reduction of cost and CO2 emission, if the fluctuation in the total costs is not taken into account. In contrast, the increase of power generation capacity with natural gas appears to reduce the power supply from coal power and renewable energy, resulting in the increase of cost without remarkable reduction of CO2 emission. Moreover, the relationship of marginal rate substitution between the total cost of power generation and CO2 emission becomes moderate, due to the reduction of the man-machine scheduling of the electrical power system.This also increases the cost in the reduction of CO2 emission.
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網站部分
中華民國統計資訊網,http://www.stat.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=4
台灣電力公司,http://www.taipower.com.tw/
全國能源會議,http://www.moeaboe.gov.tw/Policy/98EnergyMeeting/MeetingMain.aspx?pageid=reason
行政院主計處,http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1
經濟部能源局,http://www.moeaec.gov.tw/
Energy Information Administration,http://www.iea.org/
Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change,http://www.ipcc.ch/
校內:2016-06-11公開