塑膠具有耐用、低成本和製造技術成熟等特點，因此塑膠產品已被廣泛使用於日常生活中，但其可透過不同途徑降解釋放粒徑小於5 mm的微塑顆粒 (Microplastics, MPs) 到環境中，使得環境中MPs的特性與危害受到關注。雖然過去已有研究調查水體環境中的MPs特性，但2021年聯合國農糧組織的報告卻指出，與水體環境中的MPs相比，土壤受到MPs污染的問題可能更為嚴重，主要是因農作活動 (如作物的塑膠包膜、農業塑膠機械或含MPs的灌溉用水等) 可能會使得MPs透過機械力的破壞進入土壤，當土壤被擾動或風吹揚塵時，將使土壤中MPs傳播至周邊空氣，增加人體透過呼吸吸入MPs的暴露量。然而，目前並無研究探討農作活動是否會影響周邊建築物空氣中的MPs。因此，本研究旨在調查農作活動期間，其對周邊建築物空氣中MPs的影響。
玉米田屬於土壤含水量低的農田，過去研究已證實玉米田的懸浮微粒排放量最高，我國又有許多國小分布在農田旁，因此本研究以某農業縣市玉米田周邊的國小為採樣對象，並分別於六個農作階段 (作物生長期、採收期、翻土/芝麻栽種期、整地期、播種期和填土期) 以主動採樣方法採集教室的MPs、PM2.5和PM10樣本，其中MPs樣本經前處理後以顯微鏡觀察MPs的型態並定量，再使用拉曼光譜儀分析聚合物組成；PM2.5和PM10濃度比值被用來當作農作活動影響的簡易指標。本研究也收集鄰近的空氣品質監測站之氣象資料，以分析氣象因子對國小空氣中MPs濃度的影響。
分析結果顯示，MPs的豐度介於2.51-56.81 items/m3之間，其中整地期的MPs豐度 (56.81±7.36 items/m3) 最高，此期間的PM2.5/PM10比值開始下降，最低比值也發生於此期間，其次為翻土/芝麻栽種期 (32.70±6.87 items/m3)，而作物生長期的MPs豐度最低 (< 5 items/m3)。整體而言，MPs的形狀以碎片佔多數 (70%)，其次是球狀 (16%)；顏色以黑色 (32%) 和灰色 (31%) 為主；尺寸主要集中在10-25 µm之間 (45%)，其次是25-50 µm (24%) 和2-10 µm (22%)。聚合物組成以聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯 (Polyethylene terephthalate, PET) 為主，推測和農田使用過的廢棄塑膠瓶和農業機械外殼有關。本研究發現氣象因子對MPs豐度的影響不顯著。
綜合以上結果，本研究發現玉米田周邊空氣中確實存在和農作活動有關的MPs，且其農作活動會影響周邊空氣中MPs豐度的分布，其研究成果可增進我們在農作活動對周邊空氣MPs影響的瞭解，以為未來健康風險評估和介入策略的制定參考。

Plastic products can degrade into microplastic particles (MPs) (<5 mm), and MPs are widely distributed across the global environment. According to a report from the Food and Agriculture Organization in 2021, terrestrial agricultural soils have a higher abundance of MPs pollution than that in oceans. Agricultural activities, including the use of farming machinery, can disturb the soil, causing soil particles and MPs to become airborne and spread to the surrounding environment. However, the impact of various agricultural activities on airborne MPs, specifically in different cultivaton stages, lacks direct sampling and validation. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the variations in MPs abundance during different farming activities in corn farms at a primary school in Tainan City, Taiwan. Samples were collected in six distinct agricultural stages: crop growing, harvest, plowing/ planting sesame, tilling, sowing, and filling period. Wind direction, speed, and rainfall data were collected from the Environmental Protection Administration's air quality monitoring network to further compare MPs and PM10 pollution levels across different agricultural stages. Considering that PM concentrations are influenced by seasonal factors, the PM2.5/PM10 ratio was calculated, and ANOVA was used to assess differences in PM during various agricultural stages. The results revealed a decline in PM2.5/PM10 ratio starting from the tilling stage, with the lowest ratio observed during the filling stage (0.67±0.11), indicating significant soil disturbance. Throughout all agricultural stages, the presence of MPs was observed, with abundance ranging from 2.51 to 56.81 items/m3. The tilling stage exhibited the highest MPs abundance (56.81±7.36 items/m3), while the crop growing stage had the lowest MPs abundance (< 5 items/m3). Fragment-shaped MPs dominated (70%), with black (32%) and gray (31%) being the prevailing colors. MPs primarily fell within the 10-25 µm size range (45%), followed by 25-50 µm (24%) and 2-10 µm (22%). The polymer composition was mainly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), suggesting potential sources like discarded plastic bottles and agricultural machinery casings. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that agricultural activities related to corn cultivation influence airborne MPs pollution levels in the surrounding environment.

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