婚姻暴力是世界各地長久以來的社會議題，其中大部份的受害者為女性，施暴者通常為其親密伴侶。除身體傷害，婚姻暴力也會造成心理傷害，尤其是憂鬱症倘若未給予適當的治療，將可能導致失能、慢性病或自殺的危險。本研究目的在探討近ㄧ年內遭受肢體暴力婦女之受暴程度、人格特質、孩童期受暴經驗與憂鬱症狀之關係，及憂鬱症狀的預測因素。以橫斷式研究設計，採立意取樣的方式在高雄縣、市家暴中心選取受暴婦女為研究對象，符合且完成問卷共66位。研究工具為結構式問卷，其內容包括社會人口學資料、艾氏人格量表(EPQ)、簡易衝突行為量表(CTS)以及流行病學研究中心憂鬱量表(CES-D)。收集到的資料以描述性統計、t檢定、卡方檢定、逐步迴歸分析及邏輯斯迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料處理。
本研究結果發現：（1）在本研究66位個案中，83.4%（55位）受暴婦女有憂鬱症狀。（2）t-test與χ2-test分析：憂鬱症狀與年齡（t=3.240, p=0.002），外向性人格特質（t=2.417, p=0.019）呈現負相關；與施暴者同住期間（t=2.362, p=0.021），孩童期目睹暴力(χ2=0.903, p=0.015)，及神經質人格特質（t=-5.629, p=0.000）呈現正相關。（3）多元逐步迴歸分析發現：年齡、神經質人格特質和外向性人格特質三個因素可以解釋憂鬱症狀總變異數之55.7%。（4）羅吉斯迴歸分析發現，具有神經質人格特質之受暴婦女有較高風險出現憂鬱症狀（OR=1.628, 95% CI=1.185-2.237）。
討論：本研究結果有助於了解受暴婦女憂鬱症狀之相關因素包括年齡、人格特質、孩童期目睹暴力及與施暴者同住時間之關係，此結果將可給予受暴婦女更適切之評估與介入措施。並提供政府機關和臨床護理人員對婚姻暴力更深切之了解，以做為衛生行政及社會福利機關擬定婦女健康政策的參考。

Domestic violence has been a universal phenomenon within the family since ancient times. The majority of domestic violence victims is female, and they are assaulted by their male intimate partners. In addition to physical trauma, domestic violence may also lead to psychiatric morbidity. Among these domestic violence -related psychiatric disorders, depression is not uncommon, and it may lead to disability, chronicity and increased risk of suicide, if untreated or inadequately treated. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between severity of physical violence, personality, childhood maltreatment experience and depression. This study also tried to determine possible predictors of depression within the context of an abusive relationship. Participants in this cross-sectional study were all from the Domestic Violence Prevention Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, under purposive sampling. A total of 66 participants completed questionnaires, including the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), the Brief Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale, and socio-demographic data. All data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test, stepwise regression and logistic regression.
In this study, we found that (1) among all victims, 55 (83.4%) had depressive symptoms, which was significantly higher than the general population; (2) t-test andχ2-test analysis showed that domestic violence related depressive symptoms were negatively associated with age (t=3.240, p=0.002), extraverted personality (t=2.417, p=0.019), but positively associated with duration of marriage (t=2.362, p=0.021), childhood-witnessed domestic violence (χ2=0.903, p=0.015) and neurotic personality (t=-5.629, p=0.000); (3)multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that three factors, age, neurotic and extraverted personality can predict 55.7% of total variance in domestice violence-related depressive symptoms; (4) logistic regression analysis showed that the aused women with neuroticism have significantly higher risk to have depressive symptoms than those without neuroticism.
Discussion: The results of this study may help in understanding the relationship between depressive symptoms and the personality of the abused women, and in providing more applicable assessment and intervention. These results also may provide the government and clinical nurses a deeper comprehension of domestic violence and can be used as reference for constructing health and social policies for abused women in the future.

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