積垢是熱交換器表面上附著的一些不需要的沈積物質，它的兩個主要影響，一是提高熱阻，降低熱傳效果，另一個是減少流動面積，增大壓力降，這些沈積物會隨時間成長而逐漸降低熱交換器設備的性能。為了減低積垢對熱交換設備影響程度，設備操作人員須有一套熱交換器熱液動性能及積污即時監測系統，以便監控積垢的成長及變化情形。作為定期清洗維護及添加劑處理效果之評估，以確保熱交換設備的性能維持在一定的水準之上。

本論文主要是針對中油殼管式熱交換器進行評估,使用準確性高且廣被採用的Bell-Delaware方法，計算殼側熱傳係數和壓力降。並以Visual Basic 6.0程式語言撰寫一套適用於個人電腦使用交談式之電腦輔助設計軟體，簡化一般在從事殼管式熱交換器性能評估和尺寸設計時，看圖查表及繁雜計算等瑣碎費時的工作，並建立即時監控系統。電腦輔助設計軟體共具有以下三種功能:
(1)性能評估(rating problem)：使用者輸入一熱交換器的實際尺寸及殼側和管側流量、進口溫度，則可求出殼側和管側的出口溫度及壓力降。
(2)尺寸設計(sizing problem)：在得知管側和殼側之各項物理性質後，從事殼管式熱交換器之尺寸設計。
(3)即時監控(real time monitoring):在程式執行時，使用者讀取熱交換器相關進出口條件，並輸入熱交換器的實際尺寸，則可評估測試本體運轉時的總括熱傳係數、清潔度與污垢係數。

Fouling is an unnecessary deposit on the heat exchanger surface. It has two major influences, one is to increase the thermal resistance and decrease heat transfer, the other is to reduce the flow area and increase the pressure drop. The fouling will grow gradually and finally decrease the performance of the heat exchanger equipment. In order to avoid the effect of fouling on the heat exchanger equipment, an engineer must have a real time monitoring system to monitor the growth of the fouling, and also to determine when the heat exchanger should be cleaned to ensure that the performance of heat exchanger equipment is in good condition.

The purpose of this paper is to develop an interactive computer aided -design software, which is written by the Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 language and can be run in any personal computer. The software has the following three functions:
(1) Prediction of the performance of a shell and tube heat exchanger when the dimensions are given.
(2) Determination of the necessary size of a shell and tube heat exchanger when given the required performance.
(3) Real-time monitoring the overall heat transfer coefficient, cleanness factor and fouling factor of a shell and tube heat exchanger when given the operation conditions.

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