黑碳為化石燃料或生質能物質經不完全燃燒後所殘留的含碳物質，是一種頑抗性高的物質，化學與物理性質都十分穩定。並以氣溶膠型式散布在大氣中，經由乾、溼沉降，最後在陸地或海洋沉積環境中長時間保存，對於環境污染有嚴重的影響。在地質研究中，可提供過去重大森林火災的燃燒紀錄、以及人類使用化石燃料的演進過程。由於燃燒環境條件的不同，所產生的黑碳種類也會有所差異，造成在定量黑碳的方法上產生爭議，故本研究希望透過CTO-375法與硝酸消化法的比較，建立一精準分析黑碳的方法。經實驗發現，在CTO-375法測定下，黑碳的熱穩定性質差，不利於用單一溫度作為測定黑碳的界線；然而相較於CTO-375法，黑碳在12N硝酸環境下有良好的穩定性，且能同時有效去除有機碳等非黑碳物質，達到精準定量環境物質中黑碳的工作。
　　本研究同時將硝酸消化法的技術應用於測定台灣日月潭湖相沉積物，日月潭遠離主要的重工業區與城市都會區，汙染物主要來自於大氣傳輸，故可作為示蹤汙染源的研究區域。經210Pb定年法測定沉積速率後，以1939年建壩時間作為一沉積環境改變的界線。近年來，受人類活動與工業快速發展的影響，黑碳量有逐年增加趨勢；而從日月潭年平均降雨量的分布情形，發現雨量的清除作用是影響黑碳濃度的重要因素。

　　Black Carbon (BC) is refractory carbonaceous particles released into the atmosphere mainly from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass. It is scavenged from the atmosphere via rainfall precipitation and deposits into the lacustrine and marine sediments, providing a record for paleo-wild fire events as well as the history of air pollution associated with anthropogenic fossil fuel combustion.
　　BC measurement techniques have been an important object of study for decades. However, there is not much agreement reached as to which methods can give more reliable results. In this study, we compared HNO3 digestion with CTO-375 method for the carbonaceous materials. We find that different BC and non-BC materials have different thermal stabilities, and there is no single temperature to isolate these materials. However, BC has a high stability under the HNO3 digestion. Our data suggests that the HNO3 pretreatment not only retains most of BC, but also effectively removes the non-BC from the samples. We proposed that 12N HNO3 digestion method is a more reliable method for analysis of BC in environmental samples.
　　We used this analysis technique to quantify of BC in the lacustrine sediment of Taiwan. The Sun Moon Lake is a high-mountain lake which is far away from the urbanized or industrial areas, so it is a good place to investigate the atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic pollutants. According to the Pb-210 dating results, the 1939 A.D. is a crisis time of the dam construction, and also as a boundary between the two different sedimentary environments. Over the last decades, the increasing trend of BC is affected by the fast growing industrial developments. From the annual rainfall data of the Sun Moon Lake, we find that wet deposition is a significant effect for removal BC from the atmosphere into the reservoir.

林昭遠，集水區環境敏感區位劃定系統在鄉村區土地適宜性評估之應用，2005
黃清吟，林朝欽，臺灣地區國有林森林火之特性分析，中華林學季刊，38(4)，2005
中央氣象局編，氣候資料年報，1980-2009

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