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研究生: 林宏仁
Lin, Hong-ren
論文名稱: 可電控棱鏡光柵於具有光導電鍍膜之液晶薄膜之研究
Electrically-controllable prism gratings based on liquid crystal films with a photoconductive layer
指導教授: 李佳榮
Lee, Chia-rong
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 光電科學與工程研究所
Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Engineering
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 78
中文關鍵詞: 光導電鍍膜液晶棱鏡光柵
外文關鍵詞: liquid crystal, prism gratings, photoconductive layer
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  • 本論文主要利用鍍有導電聚合物薄膜之水平配向液晶品,研究發展出可電控之液晶菱鏡光柵。藉由紫外光經過一灰階光柵光罩照射導電薄膜以產生一導電度漸進變化之纇電極光柵圖樣,在外加一電壓於樣品下,可造成跨於液晶層兩端之有效電場大小呈現一空間週期性漸進變化。這便是造成液晶方向具有一空間週期性漸進變化的液晶菱鏡光柵。當偵測光通過此光柵後會產生非對稱性的繞射圖樣。此非對稱性的繞射圖樣之分佈可經由外加不同大小之直流電壓來調控,而且此菱鏡光柵可在兩互相垂直之入射偏振間開關。基於一液晶菱鏡模型假設下的繞射理論,我們也發展了一些模擬,並與實驗結果作比較與討論。

    This study investigated electrically-controllable prism gratings based on homogeneously-aligned liquid crystals with a photoconductive layer. An ultraviolet-induced conductivity-gradient electrode-like grating pattern of the polymer layer under a gray-scale grating photomask results in a spatially-periodic gradient magnitude of the effective electric field dropping on LC layer under an applied dc voltage. This causes a prism grating with a spatially-periodic gradient reorientation of LCs. An asymmetric diffraction pattern can be obtained when the probe beam passes through the LC prism grating, and the distribution of the asymmetric diffraction pattern can be tuned with different dc voltage and switched between two orthogonal probe polarizations. Simulation based on a diffraction theory under a LC prism grating model is also developed and compared with the experimental results in this thesis.

    目錄 摘要……………………………………………………………………I Abstract………………………………………………………………II 誌謝……………………………………………………………………III 目錄……………………………………………………………………IV 圖目錄…………………………………………………………………VII 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1 第二章 液晶簡介………………………………………………………3 2.1 液晶定義……………………………………………………………3 2.2 液晶分類……………………………………………………………4 2.2.1 向列型(Nematics)液晶………………………………………6 2.2.2 盤狀相(Discotic)液晶………………………………………7 2.2.3 層列型(Smectics)液晶………………………………………9 2.2.4 膽固醇相(Cholesterics)液晶……………………………12 2.3 液晶物理特性……………………………………………………13 2.3.1 雙折射性(Birefringence)………………………………13 2.3.2 介電異向性(dielectric anisotropy)……………………16 2.3.3 連續彈性體…………………………………………………19 2.3.4 Freedericksz Transition…………………………………20 2.3.5 溫度對液晶的影響…………………………………………20 2.3.6 秩序參數(S) ………………………………………………21 第三章 理論……………………………………………………………23 3.1 Diffraction Theory In Thin Trassmission Gratings……23 3.2薄棱鏡光柵之繞射效率推導………………………………………24 3.3 繞射效率模擬……………………………………………………29 第四章 實驗樣本製作及架設…………………………………………31 4.1 實驗材料介紹……………………………………………………31 4.1.1 向列型液晶E7………………………………………………31 4.1.2 聚乙烯(咔)唑(Poly(vinyl carbazple))介紹……………32 4.2 樣品製作流程……………………………………………………33 4.2.1 ITO玻璃清洗………………………………………………35 4.2.2 樣本A和B-ITO玻璃表面處理及製作過程…………………35 4.2.3 液晶填充……………………………………………………41 4.2.4 樣品檢測……………………………………………………42 4.3 實驗測量架設……………………………………………………44 4.3.1 樣本測量穿透強度…………………………………………44 4.3.2 測量偏振實驗………………………………………………45 第五章 實驗樣本測量及架設…………………………………………46 5.1 穩定的UV光及PVK反應的波段……………………………………46 5.1.1 PVK反應的波長……………………………………………46 5.1.2 UV光源強度隨時間變化……………………………………46 5.2 漸進式非對稱性光罩……………………………………………47 5.3 PVK照光時間決定………………………………………………48 5.4樣本厚度改變與繞射效率關係……………………………………51 5.4.1 不同厚度的prism grating效果……………………………51 5.4.2 樣本A厚度10µm繞射效率討論………………………………52 5.4.3 樣本A厚度10µm繞射圖形討論………………………………54 5.4.4 樣本A厚度10µm偏光顯微鏡討論……………………………55 5.4.5 透射光與原入射光偏振方向不變…………………………57 5.5 樣本B和樣本A的比較……………………………………………58 第六章 結論以及未來展望……………………………………………62 6.1 結論………………………………………………………………62 6.2 未來展望…………………………………………………………63 參考文獻………………………………………………………………64

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