高齡者的衰弱是重要的健康與照護議題，近年來，多重向度衰弱的概念被提出，包括身體、心理、認知與社會層面。社會衰弱是指個體正在或已經失去一般與社會資源、社會行為或社會活動而無法滿足基本社會需求的情況，並且對其健康產生不利的影響。目前台灣社區高齡者健康篩檢使用世界衛生組織之長者功能評估量表(Integrated Care for Older People, ICOPE)評估內在能力，較著重於身心功能，因此，想進一步了解社會衰弱對高齡健康的重要性。故本研究目的為探索：(1) 社會衰弱與內在能力、身體衰弱及生活品質的相關；(2)社會衰弱的相關因子。
研究採橫斷性研究設計，以便利取樣方式，研究參與者為65歲以上且無嚴重身體精神疾病之社區民眾。於台灣南部某區域醫院門診等候區、醫院健康篩檢服務區，以及社區活動據點收案。使用標準化問卷收集社會衰弱、身體衰弱、生活品質、內在能力。以多元與邏輯斯迴歸方式分析社會衰弱與內在能力、生活品質、身體衰弱間的相關性；並探索社會人口學變項與社會衰弱的相關性。
研究共招募415位高齡者，平均年紀73.52歲(SD = 6.11)，有65.06%為女性。結果顯示，在控制年紀、性別、婚姻、教育程度、自評健康、慢性病數量後，社會衰弱程度越高，其內在能力越低(B = -0.12, p < 0.001)，生活品質較差(B = -0.04, p < 0.001)，以及身體衰弱的風險增加(Exp(B) = 1.40, p = 0.001)。此外，年齡越大(B = 0.04, p = 0.001)、單身或離婚或喪偶者(B = -0.84, p < 0.001)、與慢性病數量越多者(B = 0.19, p = 0.002)，社會衰弱的程度越高。
社會衰弱與高齡者的內在能力及生活品質呈負相關，與身體衰弱則呈正相關，顯示社會衰弱可能對其身心健康產生潛在的不利影響。未來可將社會衰弱納入高齡者的健康篩檢與臨床評估中，預防及減緩衰弱與失能的發生，進而提升其生活品質。

Multidimensional frailty in older people has been discussed in recent years, including social aspects. Social frailty means older people lack social resources, social behavior, and social activity, which cannot meet their social needs. Taiwan's government uses the Integrated Care for Older People screening tool to measure intrinsic capacity, which focuses on physical and psychological functions. Therefore, this study aimed to explore (1) the correlations between social frailty and intrinsic capacity, physical frailty, and quality of life; and (2) the associated factors of social frailty. A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling in the outpatient clinics, integrated health screening stations, and community centers in Southern Taiwan. The participants were over 65 years old without severe physical and mental illness. Data collection included social frailty, physical frailty, quality of life, and intrinsic capacity. Multiple regression and logistic regression were used for data analysis. There were 415 participants with a mean age of 73.52 years (SD=6.11), and 65.06% were female. After adjusting for age, gender, marital status, education, self-rated health, and number of chronic diseases, higher social frailty was significantly associated with lower intrinsic capacity (B = -0.12, p < 0.001), lower quality of life (B = -0.04, p < 0.001), and a higher risk of physical frailty (Exp(B) = 1.40, p = 0.001). Additionally, age, marital status, and number of chronic diseases were related to social frailty. In conclusion, social frailty has been associated with adverse health outcomes among community-dwelling older people.

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