隨著全球暖化加劇，各國開始推動綠能政策，人們開始尋求高能量密度電池以使用於動力裝置。在這趨勢下，對環境友善並具高理論電容 (4200 mAh/g)、低成本的矽，有商業化的潛力。然而，應用矽在進行長效循環時會遇到以下問題：(1)長效循環後會發生粉碎、(2)從集電器上脫落、(3)生成不穩定的固態電解質相，導致電容迅速衰退。為了解決長效循環中形成不穩定固態電解質相的問題，本研究提出一種簡易且低成本的方式修飾矽碳奈米複合材料(Ox-Si@Cs)，以增進矽負極的長效循環穩定性。
在本研究的第一部分中，製備了塗布碳層的矽碳複合材料 (Si@C)。矽的導電度因此而提高，亦減緩了矽在循環過程中的體積膨脹問題。然而，表面碳層的鍵結並不飽和，Si@C比純矽容易與電解液反應，導致在循環中電解質發生降解。因此本研究第二部分針對Si@C的不飽和雙鍵進行修飾 (Ox-Si@Cs)，修飾後在前期循環中會先形成穩定之固態電解質中間相 (SEI) 層，從而延緩電解液的降解。Ox-Si@Cs與黏著劑的作用相較Si@C也提高了。此外，該修飾方法能夠控制Ox-Si@Cs的體積膨脹程度。從電池循環壽命測試來看，Ox-Si@C-24hr的樣品在350圈循環後電容保持率可達80%，比Si@C樣品高出約30%。Ox-Si@Cs樣品也比Si@C樣品具有更高的庫倫效率。這些結果說明以此簡單且低成本的修飾方法有助於形成穩定且較薄的SEI層，減少電解質降解，使Ox-Si@Cs有高的循環穩定性和應用潛力。

With the intensification of global warming, countries have begun to promote green energy policies, and people have begun to pursue high-energy density batteries for power devices. Under this trend, silicon, eco-friendly with the highest theoretical capacity (4200 mAh/g) and low cost, has the potential for commercialization. However, using silicon encountered the following problems during cycles: (1) pulverized after cycles, (2) delaminated with the current collector, (3) and formation of an unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, resulting in greatly degradation of the capacity. To solve the problem of forming an unstable SEI layer, a simple and low-cost modification method was proposed to modify silicon-carbon nanocomposite materials (Ox-Si@Cs) with improved cycle stability of silicon anode.
In the first part, nanosilicon was coated with a carbon layer (Si@C). The conductivity of silicon was improved, and the volume expansion of silicon during cycles was alleviated. However, the bonding valence of the carbon atoms in the carbon layer was not saturated, and the reactivity of the Si@C towards the electrolytes was much higher than pristine silicon, thus resulting in decomposition of the electrolyte during cycles. Therefore, in the second part, the unsaturated double bonds in Si@C were oxidized (Ox-Si@Cs). After the modification, a stable SEI layer could be formed in early cycles and then the decomposition of the electrolyte was retarded. The interaction between Ox-Si@Cs and binder was raised. Moreover, the volume expansion of Ox-Si@Cs could be controlled with this approach. From the battery cycle life test, the retention of the Ox-Si@C-24hr sample still maintained 80% after 350 cycles, which was about 30% higher than that of the Si@C sample. The coulombic efficiencies of the Ox-Si@Cs samples were also higher than that of the Si@C sample. With the results, this simple and low-cost modification method demonstrated that it helped to form a stable and thinner SEI layer with less decomposition of the electrolyte, making Ox-Si@Cs has high cycle stability and the potential for application.

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