在台灣地形多變且地質條件複雜，城市化進程加快，對土地的利用提出了更高要求，隨著高樓大廈的增加，連續壁工程在土木建設中扮演著越來越重要的角色。位於地震帶的台灣，對於建築安全的要求格外嚴格，這就使得連續壁這種擋土工程的解決方案成為首選，特別是在需要深開挖的建築項目中，連續壁工程在台灣的廣泛應用，證明了它在現代城市土木工程中的價值和重要性。
連續壁工程通常涉及複雜的施工過程和技術要求，大多新進的土木工程師在此領域缺乏實際經驗。在這種情況下，通常是由具有豐富經驗的工程師來指導新進工程師。由於新進工程師尚未熟悉連續壁施工的細節和標準，這樣的指導方式可能導致工作效率低下。這樣的情況可能導致工程品質問題或延誤工期，因此在連續壁工程中，對於新進工程師的培訓和指導顯得尤為重要，以確保工作能夠順利進行和高品質的施工成果。
目前的培訓方法多為傳統課堂授課和紙本測驗，缺乏實際場景培訓。然而，虛擬實境VR技術的進步提供了新可能性，能夠創造逼真的虛擬環境，讓受訓者在安全、低成本的情況下體驗各種場景。這使得VR技術特別適合安全培訓。VR培訓系統在數據蒐集和應用方面仍存在挑戰，如難以準確判斷受訓者行為和缺乏即時反饋。為了提升VR培訓效果，需要更多數據檢討和互動機制。
為了解決上述所敘述的問題，本研究首先透過專家訪談與IDEF0方法解析連續壁工程培訓系統所需培訓需求，建置符合培訓之模型環境與所需之工具模型，並撰寫腳本使得模型能夠運行並依照培訓流程執行訂定的任務內容，接著賦予模型和受試者之間的互動機制，完成一連串的設定後，便可設定系統紀錄想獲取培訓數據，並加上評分方法獲取最終的回饋。

Taiwan's diverse topography and complex geological conditions, coupled with rapid urbanization, have imposed higher demands on land use. Located in a seismic zone, Taiwan has particularly stringent building safety requirements, making diaphragm walls the preferred solution for retaining structures, especially in deep excavation projects. Diaphragm walls not only provide effective deep support but also offer excellent waterproofing and high structural strength, ensuring building stability. The widespread application of diaphragm wall construction in Taiwan underscores its value and importance in modern urban civil engineering.
Diaphragm wall projects typically involve complex construction processes and technical requirements, where most new civil engineers lack practical experience. In such cases, experienced senior engineers usually guide new engineers. However, due to unfamiliarity with the details and standards of diaphragm wall construction, this guidance can result in low work efficiency. New engineers may not know what to check during inspections or the standards and regulations to follow, potentially leading to quality issues or project delays. Therefore, training and mentoring new engineers in diaphragm wall projects are crucial to ensuring smooth operations and high-quality construction outcomes.
Current teaching and training methods largely remain traditional, focusing on classroom lectures and paper-based tests, lacking practical scenario training opportunities. However, with rapid technological advancements, virtual reality technology has emerged as a promising new possibility. VR technology provides highly realistic virtual environments, allowing users to immerse themselves and experience various scenarios and contexts in relative safety. Despite the promising prospects of VR training systems, there are still some challenges, including the lack of data collection and application. This means that during training, the system may struggle to accurately judge the trainees' intentions or performance, and trainees may lack immediate training feedback. Therefore, to make VR training systems more comprehensive and effective, we need more data applications and feedback mechanisms to ensure trainees receive optimal training outcomes.
To address the aforementioned issues, this study first analyzes the training needs of diaphragm wall engineering training systems through expert interviews and the IDEF0 method, establishing a model environment and necessary tool models that meet training requirements. Scripts are written to enable the model to operate and execute predetermined task content according to the training process. Interaction mechanisms between the model and trainees are then implemented, followed by setting the system to record desired training data and scoring it.
The diaphragm wall engineering training system developed in this study provides trainees with an understanding of diaphragm wall engineering processes by breaking the entire project into small tasks for training. Each task includes direct instruction, setting task achievement standards, interaction mechanisms, and scoring methods. After testing, trainees receive a detailed review of each task. The training content aims to enhance trainees' understanding of diaphragm wall operations, safety awareness, and related regulations.

[1]Dom Barnard(June 27,2023), “Degrees of freedom(Dof):3-Dof vs 6-Dof for VR Headset Selection. ”
<https://virtualspeech.com/blog/degrees-of-freedom-vr>(Jun. 15, 2024)
[2]“Unity Scripting Reference Version: 2021.3.2f1. ” <https://docs.unity3d.com/2022.3/Documentation/ScriptReference/>(Sep. 30, 2023)
[3]“Get SideQuest (n.d.) ”<https://sidequestvr.com/setup-howto>(Mar. 12, 2024)
[4]Virtual Reality Society(2017) “History Of Virtual Reality.”<https://www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality/history.html> (Jun. 15, 2024)
[5]“How to use SideQuest – PC Advanced Installer Tutorial.” (n.d.).<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNku19Hl9Dw&t=1s> (Aug. 21, 2023)
[6]Valem Tuorials(Mar 15, 2022), “How to Interact in VR - Oculus Interaction SDK - PART 1.”< https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FRqniErAfs&t=168s >(Aug. 28, 2023)
[7]“Add Camera Rig Using OVRCameraRig” (n.d.). (May. 7, 2024)<https://developer.oculus.com/documentation/unity/unity-add-camera-rig/?locale=zh_TW> (Feb. 27, 2024)
[8]Hayeon Song, & Taenyun Kim, &Jieun Kim, & Dohyun Ahn, & Youngcheol Kang(2021). “Effectiveness of VR crane training with head-mounted display: Double mediation of presence and perceived usefulness”. Automation in Construction, Volume 122, February 2021, 103506.
[9]Sokkeang Try, & Kriengsak Panuwatwanich, & Ganchai Tanapornraweekit, &Manop Kaewmoracharoen(2019). “Virtual reality application to aid civil engineering laboratory course: A multicriteria comparative study”. Computer Applications in Engineering Education,Volume 29, Issue 6, 10.1002.
[10]Zheng Xu, & Nan Zheng(2021). “Incorporating Virtual Reality Technology in Safety Training Solution for Construction Site of Urban Cities”. Sustainability 2021, 13, 10.3390.
[11]A.Z. Sampaio,P.G. & Henriques,O.P. & Martins(2010). “Virtual Reality Technology Used in Civil Engineering Education”. The Open Virtual Reality Journal, 2014, Volume 3,10.2174.
[12]Jordan Henstrom. & Raffaele De Amicis. & Christopher A. Sanchez. & Yelda Turkan(2023). “Immersive engineering instruction: Using Virtual Reality to enhance students’ experience in the classroom”. Automation in Construction, Volume 121, June 2024, 103944.
[13]Estefany Rey-Becerra, & Lope H. Barrero, & Rolf Ellegast, & Annette Kluge(2023). “Improvement of short-term outcomes with VR-based safety training for work at heights”. Automation in Construction ,Volume 112, October 2023, 104077.
[14] Rafael Sacks, & Amotz Perlman, & Ronen Barak(2013). “Construction safety training using immersive virtual reality”. Construction Management and Economics Volume 31, July 2013, Issue 9,Pages 1005-1017.
[15]Vito Getuli, & PietroCapone, & Alessandro Bruttini, & Shabtai Isaac(2020). “BIM-based immersive Virtual Reality for construction workspace planning: A safety-oriented approach”. Automation in Construction, Volume 114, June 2020, 103160.
[16]Mikael Johansson, & Mattias Roupé(2024). “Real-world applications of BIM and immersive VR in construction”. Automation in Construction, Volume 158, February 2024, 105233.
[17]Rahat Hussain, & Aqsa Sabir, & Do-Yeop Lee, & Syed Farhan Alam Zaidi, & Akeem Pedro, & Muhammad Sibtain Abbas, & Chansik Park (2024). “Conversational AI-based VR system to improve construction safety training of migrant workers”. Automation in Construction, Volume 160, April 2024, 105315.
[18]Siu Shing Man, & Huiying Wen, & Billy Chun Lung So (2024). “Are virtual reality applications effective for construction safety training and education? A systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of Safety Research, Volume 88, February 2024, Pages 230-243.
[19]D. Scorgie, & Z. Feng, & D. Paes, & F. Parisi, & T.W. Yiu, & R. Lovreglio(2024). “Virtual reality for safety training: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis”. Safety Science,Volume 171, March 2024, 106372 .
[20]Yanfang Luo, & Seungjun Ahn, & Ali Abbas, & JoonOh Seo, & Seung Hyun Cha, & Jung In Kim(2023). “Investigating the impact of scenario and interaction fidelity on training experience when designing immersive virtual reality-based construction safety training”. Developments in the Built Environment,Volume 16, December 2023, 100223.
[21]Ming Zhang, & Lei Shu, & Xiaowei Luo, & Mengqi Yuan, & Xiazhong Zheng(2022). “Virtual reality technology in construction safety training: Extended technology acceptance model”. Automation in Construction, Volume 135, March 2022, 104113.
[22]Yu Han,& Jinru Yang,& Yongsheng Diao,& Ruoyu Jin,& Brian Guo,& Zulfikar Adamu(2022). “Process and Outcome-based Evaluation between Virtual Reality-driven and Traditional Construction Safety Training”. Advanced Engineering Informatics, Volume 52, April 2022, 101634.
[1]動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所(2024年4月16日)。111年勞動檢查統計年報。https://laws.ilosh.gov.tw/ciakp/statistics/advanced
[2]Meta官網虛擬實境頭戴式顯示器 Quest 2系列。<https://www.meta.com/tw/quest/products/quest-2/> (Oct. 21, 2023)
[3]勞動部職業安全衛生署(2021年7月7日)。職業安全衛生教育訓練規則。<https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=N0060010> (Oct. 25, 2023)
[4]台北市政府全球資訊網，連續壁作業安全檢查表(2017年11月6日)。<https://www.laws.taipei.gov.tw/lawatt/Law/P06D2007-20171106-9000-002.pdf> (Nov. 13, 2023)
[5]維基百科，IEDF0(2024年4月29日)<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDEF0> (Dec. 25, 2023)
[6]曹常成、林景瑞(2018年)，“運用虛擬實境技術於高危害作業勞工教育訓練研究”，勞動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所，107年度研究計畫ILOSH107-S317。
[7]黃琬淇，周淵清，許睿，廖翊含，周頌安(2021年)。“虛擬實境技術於工程實務之應用”。中國土木水利工程學會，第四十八卷，第一期，DOI：10.6653/MoCICHE.202102_48(1).0004。
[8]宋谨标(2022)，“BIM+VR技术在建筑工程中的应用研究”，四川建材，第四十八卷，第四期，DOI： 10.3969/j. issn. 1672-4011。
[9]顾金耀(2020)，“地下连续墙施工技术要点及难点实践”， 建設監理，第四期，DOI:10.15968/j.cnki.jsjl.2020.04.021。
[10]陳逸儒(2014)，“應用Unity3D建立模擬營造工地危害辨識教學訓練”，碩士論文，國立交通大學土木工程學研究所，新竹市。
[11]洪新淯(2018)，“虛擬實境應用於營建勞工安全教育成效之研析”，碩士論文，國立中央大學營建管理研究所，桃園市。
[12]蕭玉帆(2018)，“工地危害辨識遊戲模組自動化之元件”，碩士論文，國立交通大學土木工程學研究所，新竹市。
[13]陳意慧(2022)，“利用混合實境建構機電工程放樣及施工系統”，碩士論文，國立成功大學土木工程學系，台南市。
[14]張瑞娜(2012)，“應用虛擬實境於營造工地危害辨識教學”，碩士論文，國立交通大學土木工程學研究所，新竹市。
[15]陳沛璇(2021)，“利用虛擬實境訓練工程師指揮鋼構組立之作業-以山月吊橋為例”，碩士論文，國立成功大學土木工程學研究所，台南市。
[16]黃琮皓(2022)，“基於擴增實境技術之起重機吊裝工安教育訓練模擬之研究：以起重機位置安排及旋轉半徑警示模擬為例”，碩士論文，私立淡江大學土木工程學研究所，新北市。
[17]黃映瑄(2020)，“運用Unity3D建立模組化之虛擬實境危害辨識訓練系統-以水土保持工程為例”，碩士論文，國立交通大學土木工程學研究所，新竹市。
[18]賴國禎(2022)，“虛擬實境之持續使用意願應用研究-以金門地區為例”，碩士論文，國立金門大學土木工程學研究所，金門縣。
[19]詹民華(2017)，“虛擬實境技術運用於防墜安全教育之研究”，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學土木工程學系土木與防災研究所，台北市。
[20]黃芮萱(2020)，“BIM結合AR/VR在營建施工的應用”，碩士論文，國立中興大學土木工程學研究所，台中市。
[21]徐瑋澤(2017)，“混合實境技術於營建業應用之研究：技術面與人機介面議題之探討”，碩士論文，國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所，台北市。
[22]楊仁和(2021)，深入淺出C#，台北市：碁峰資訊股份有限公司。
[23]倪至寬(2022)，連續壁工程實務，台北市：詹式出版。