追求經濟的持續發展及成長，為世界各國政府的主要施政目標之一。但在享受經濟成長所帶來的好處時，人類也必須付出更多額外成本如健康、氣候異常、生態破壞等代價。經濟成長、能源消耗、環境污染此三者間存在著密不可分之關係，因此在探討相關議題時，當放眼於高度經濟成長之地區之發展變化，如此才能兼顧到經濟成長與環境保護兩個面向。本文主要以金磚四國為研究對象，探討其CO2排放與經濟成長、及能源消耗等間之關係，在解釋變數上納入國內生產毛額、教育支出、外人直接投資、能源使用量、年均電量消耗、人口密度、家庭最終消費支出等變數。在研究方法上，採計量經濟學方式，以1971年至2002年之年度資料，透過以E-View程式及各種計量經濟之檢定方式，進行實證分析。研究結果顯示，中國的CO2排放與GDP呈現倒U型之關係，巴西與印度的CO2排放與GDP則呈現U型之EKC曲線。在能源使用量變數上，中國、印度、巴西三國之能源使用對於CO2排放量具有顯著之正向關係。在教育支出之變數方面，中國與巴西的教育支出與CO2之排放成正相關，印度則不顯著。在外人直接投資變數方面，三個國家則出現不同的現象。中國的外人投資變數與CO2排放呈現正面顯著之影響，而印度卻屬於顯著之負相關；巴西的外人投資變數則呈現不顯著。在人口密度及家庭最終消費支出變數方面，三個國家均呈現不顯著。

All governments are pursuing long-term economic growth. However, the populace have to pay out additional costs like air pollution, extraordinary climate change and healthy for example. A vast number of studies addressed environmental degradation and economic development but not focus on rapid growing economies.

The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between CO2 emission, energy consumption and economic growth in BRIC economies by using E-view equation and econometrics testing method. We investigate the linkage between not only economic development and CO2 emission but also the other independent variables like education expenditure, foreign direct investment, GDP per unit of energy use, electric power consumption, national population density and household final consumption expenditure. Time series data over period 1971–2002 is used.

The result shows the evidence of an EKC curve in Brazil and India and U-shape pattern in China. Besides, from the equation analysis we also found the correlation between education expenditure and CO2 emissions in China and Brazil. Similarly, same results are observed from GDP per unit of energy use and electric power consumption. In additional, evidence presents the correlation between CO2 and foreign direct investment among BRIC but the results are diversified. Finally, no evidence shows the correlation between CO2 emission and national population density and household final consumption expenditure among BRIC.

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