我國參酌國際發布之審計準則，自2016年起開始採用新式會計師查核報告，並規定會計師須針對上市(櫃)公司揭露關鍵查核事項。然，關鍵查核事項揭露之類別依受查公司而有所不同，外部債權人將如何解讀此資訊並決定欲要求之風險報酬，即公司承擔之債務資金成本，為本研究主要欲探討之議題。
本研究以臺灣2016年至2019年之上市(櫃)公司為樣本，探討新式會計師查核報告中關鍵查核事項揭露之不同類別與債務資金成本間之關聯性，實證結果如下：
一、營運相關之關鍵查核事項，與公司下一年度債務資金成本變動數並無顯著相關。
二、非營運相關之關鍵查核事項，與公司下一年度債務資金成本變動數並無顯著相關。
三、損益相關之關鍵查核事項，與公司下一年度債務資金成本變動數呈顯著負相關。
四、資產負債相關之關鍵查核事項，與公司下一年度債務資金成本變動數並無顯著相關。
五、財報層級相關之關鍵查核事項，與公司下一年度債務資金成本變動數並無顯著相關。
六、非財報層級相關之關鍵查核事項，與公司下一年度債務資金成本變動數呈顯著負相關。

Since 2016, Taiwan have adopted a new auditor's report with reference to international auditing standards and require the accountant to disclose Key Audit Matters (KAMs) to listed companies. However, the type of KAMs disclosure varies depending on the company. How external creditors would interpret this information and determine the risk reward they would like to claim, i.e., the Cost of Debts (COD) borne by the company, is the main issue to be examined in this study.
This study examines the correlation between the different types of KAMs items disclosed in the new auditors' reports and the COD, using a sample of listed companies in Taiwan from 2016 to 2019. Overall, this study shows that the KAMs related to operations, non-operations, assets and liabilities or the financial reporting level, have no significant correlation with the changes in the COD for the coming year. And the KAMs related to profit or loss or the non-financial reporting level, have negative correlation with the changes in the COD for the coming year.

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